Cefoperazone; Uses, Dosage, Side effects, Interactions

Cefoperazone is a semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefoperazone binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs are enzymes involved in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall and in reshaping the cell wall during growth and division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.

Mechanism of Action of Cefoperazone

The bactericidal activity of  Ceftizoxime results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Ceftizoxime is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Cefoperazone Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefoperazone and a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase resistant, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefoperazone sodium inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by inactivating penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) thereby interfering with the final transpeptidation step required for cross-linking of peptidoglycan units which are a component of bacterial cell walls. This results in a reduction of cell wall stability and causes cell lysis.

Indications of Cefoperazone

For the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of microorganisms.

• Intra-Abdominal
• For the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains microorganisms.
• Lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia and lung abscess,s
• Urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species,
• Intra-abdominal infections, including peritonitis and intra-abdominal abscess,
• Gynecological infections, including endometritis, pelvic cellulitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease caused
• Bacterial Infections
• Bloodstream Infections
• Bone and Joint Infections
• Aspiration Pneumonia Cesarean Section
• Bronchitis
• Tonsillitis

Contra-Indications of Cefoperazone

• Hemolytic anemia
• Liver problems
• Interstitial nephritis
• Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Allergies cephalosporins & beta-lactamase

Side Effects of Cefoperazone

The most common

• local tenderness or pain at the site of injection
• skin color change, mild diarrhea
• mild nausea
• loss of appetite
• vaginal discharge and itching
• swelling of feet or legs
• chest pain
• constipation
• cough
• diarrhea or loose stools
• difficulty with breathing
• dizziness
• heartburn

More common

• Abdominal or stomach pain, discomfort, or tenderness
• chills or fever
• difficulty with moving
• a headache, severe and throbbing
• joint or back pain
• muscle aching or cramping
• muscle pains or stiffness
• chest pressure or squeezing pain in the chest
• excessive sweating
• feeling of heaviness, pain, warmth and/or swelling in a leg or in the pelvis
• sudden tingling or coldness in an arm or leg
• sudden slow or difficult speech
• sudden drowsiness or need to sleep
• fast breathing
• sharp pain when taking a deep breath
• fast or slow heartbeat
• coughing up blood
• rust colored urine
• decreased amount of urine

Rare

• Anxiety
• change in vision
• seizures
• abnormal or fast heart rate
• tremors
• weight loss
• chest pain or tightness
• confusion
• a cough
• Agitation
• arm, back, or jaw pain
• blurred vision
• chest pain or discomfort
• convulsions
• extra heartbeats
• fainting
• hallucinations
• headache
• irritability
• lightheadedness
• mood or mental changes
• muscle pain or cramps

Drug Interactions of Cefoperazone

Cefoperazone may interact with the following drugs, suppliments, & may change the efficacy of drugs

• aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., gentamicin, tobramycin)
• probenecid
• typhoid vaccine
• cholera vaccine,
• amoxicillin
• BCG vaccine
• Aspirin Low Strength (aspirin) 
• Diphenhydramine
• Rosuvastatin
• Duloxetine
• Albuterol
• Topiramate
• Carbamazepin
• Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
• Alprazolam
• Cetirizine
• Phenprocoumon
• Picosulfuric acid
• Warfarin

Pregnancy Catagory

FDA Pregnancy Category  B

Pregnancy

It is not known if cefoperazone is safe for use by pregnant women. This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately.

Lactation

This medication may pass into breast milk. If you are a breastfeeding mother and are taking cefoperazone it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breastfeeding. It is not known if cefoperazone is safe for children under 6 months of age.

References

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