HELLP syndrome means Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets otherwise referred to as HELLP syndrome, has historically been classified as a complication or progression of severe preeclampsia. This progression, however, has been challenged with recent publications that suggest these pathologies have their own etiologies. This activity reviews the evaluation and treatment of HELLP syndrome … [Read more…]
Bernard-Soulier syndrome is a rare inherited blood clotting disorder that is characterized by unusually giant platelet cells, thrombocytopenia, and prolonged bleeding time. Affected individuals tend to bleed excessively and incur spontaneous ecchymoses. This activity reviews the evaluation and treatment of Bernard-Soulier syndrome and highlights the role of the healthcare team in evaluating and managing patients … [Read more…]
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked disorder that classically includes the characteristic triad of immunodeficiency, thrombocytopenia, and eczema. It results from a genetic mutation in the gene encoding the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp). The disease has variable presentation ranging from the severe phenotype (classic WAS) to milder ones (X-linked thrombocytopenia and X-linked neutropenia). This … [Read more…]
Evans syndrome is an autoimmune condition that presents with two or more cytopenias, which commonly include autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), with or without immune neutropenia. This activity reviews the presentation, evaluation, and management of Evans syndrome and stresses the role of an interprofessional team approach to the care of affected patients. … [Read more…]
Hyperesthesia is a condition that involves an abnormal increase in sensitivity to stimuli of the sense. Stimuli of the senses can include sound that one hears, foods that one tastes, textures that one feels, and so forth. Increased touch sensitivity is referred to as “tactile hyperesthesia”, and increased sound sensitivity is called “auditory hyperesthesia”. In the context of pain … [Read more…]
Transverse myelitis is a demyelinating and immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord, the part of the central nervous system that sends impulses from the brain to nerves in the body. This inflammation can cause damage to the ensheathing nerve cell fiber myelin, with resultant neurological dysfunction including weakness, sensory impairments, and autonomic problems including … [Read more…]
Resting tremor occurs when the muscle is relaxed, such as when the hands are resting on the lap. With this disorder, a person’s hands, arms, or legs may shake even when they are at rest. Often, the tremor only affects the hand or fingers. This type of tremor is often seen in people with Parkinson’s disease … [Read more…]
Cerebellar tremor is typically a slow, high-amplitude (easily visible) tremor of the extremities (e.g., arm, leg) that occurs at the end of a purposeful movement such as trying to press a button. It is caused by damage to the cerebellum and its pathways to other brain regions resulting from a stroke or tumor. Damage also … [Read more…]
Physiologic tremor/ Physiologic tremor occurs in all healthy individuals. It is rarely visible to the eye and typically involves a fine shaking of both of the hands and also the fingers. It is not considered a disease but is a normal human phenomenon that is the result of physical properties in the body (for example, … [Read more…]
Shaky legs syndrome, also known as Orthostatic Tremor (OT), is a progressive neurological movement disorder, characterized by high-frequency tremors, predominantly in the legs when in a standing position, and an immediate sense of instability. The term “orthostatic tremor” (OT), also known as “shaky legs syndrome”[rx] was first coined in 1984 by Heilman,[rx] although the earlier … [Read more…]
Trigeminal Neuralgia Type 2 (TN2)/Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also called tic douloureux, is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal or 5th cranial nerve, one of the most widely distributed nerves in the head. TN is a form of neuropathic pain (pain associated with nerve injury or nerve lesion.) The typical or “classic” form of the … [Read more…]
Trigeminal Neuralgia Type 1 (TN1)/Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also called tic douloureux, is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal or 5th cranial nerve, one of the most widely distributed nerves in the head. TN is a form of neuropathic pain (pain associated with nerve injury or nerve lesion.) The typical or “classic” form of the … [Read more…]