Category: Enzymes and Hormonal Diseases (A – Z)

Osteitis fibrosa cystica is a bone disease that happens when very high levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from hyperparathyroidism make your body remove too much calcium from the bones. Over time, the bone becomes thin, soft, full of tiny holes, Read More …

Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP) is a rare inherited disorder where a person looks like they have pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) but their blood tests for calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) are normal and their body responds normally to PTH. Orpha+1 In simple words, Read More …

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (often shortened to PHP) is a rare genetic hormone problem where the body does not respond properly to parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH normally keeps blood calcium and phosphate levels in balance. In PHP, the kidneys and other tissues “ignore” Read More …

A colloid nodule is a benign (non-cancerous) lump in the thyroid gland that is filled with thick, jelly-like material called colloid. The thyroid is a small butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck that makes thyroid hormones, which control Read More …

A thyroid nodule is a small lump or growth inside the thyroid gland, which sits in the front of the neck. It is a “discrete” area of tissue that looks different from the rest of the thyroid on scan or Read More …

Toxic multinodular goiter is a thyroid disease where the thyroid gland is enlarged and full of many small lumps (nodules), and several of these nodules make too much thyroid hormone by themselves. They work “independently,” so they do not listen Read More …

Toxic nodular goiter is a thyroid disease where one or more lumps (nodules) in the thyroid gland make too much thyroid hormone by themselves, without listening to the body’s normal control signals. This extra hormone causes hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), while Read More …

Endemic goitre is a long-term swelling of the thyroid gland that happens in many people who live in the same area, usually because their diet does not contain enough iodine for many years. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland Read More …

Boston’s sign is a special eye sign seen in people with thyroid eye disease, most often in Graves’ disease. It means that when the person looks down, the upper eyelid comes down in a jerky, uneven, spasmodic way instead of Read More …

Abadie’s sign of exophthalmic goiter is a special eye sign seen in people with Graves’ disease, which is a form of exophthalmic goiter (autoimmune hyperthyroidism). In this sign, the upper eyelid muscle (called the levator palpebrae superioris) goes into a Read More …

Hyperthyroid myopathy (also called thyrotoxic myopathy) is a muscle disease that happens when the body has too much thyroid hormone for a long time. The extra hormone speeds up metabolism and makes muscle cells break down faster than they can Read More …

Amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) is a type of hyperthyroidism that happens because of the heart medicine amiodarone. Amiodarone is an anti-arrhythmic drug that contains a very large amount of iodine, and this extra iodine can disturb the thyroid gland and Read More …