Month: April 2018

Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAO inhibitor) used in therapy of severe depression. Phenelzine therapy is associated with rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury. Phenelzine is a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor. The mechanism of action of phenelzine is as a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor. Phenelzine Read More …

Selegiline is a selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase. It is used in newly diagnosed patients with Parkinson’s disease. It may slow the progression of the clinical disease and delay the requirement for levodopa therapy. It also may Read More …

Esmolol is a cardioselective beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset, a very short duration of action, and no significant intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane stabilizing activity at therapeutic dosages. Esmolol decreases the force and rate of heart contractions by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors of the Read More …

Clonidine is an imidazoline derivate and centrally-acting alpha-adrenergic agonist, with antihypertensive activity. Clonidine binds to and stimulates central alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, thereby reducing the amount of norepinephrine (NE) release and thus decreasing sympathetic outflow to the heart, kidneys, and peripheral vasculature. The reduction in sympathetic outflow leads Read More …

Methyldopa is a phenylalanine derivative and an aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Methyldopa is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent. Methyldopa is a prodrug and is Read More …

Sotalol is an ethanolamine derivative with Class III antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive properties. Sotalol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor and potassium channel antagonist. In the heart, this agent inhibits chronotropic and inotropic effects thereby slowing the heart rate and decreasing myocardial contractility. This agent also reduces sinus rate, Read More …

Timolol is a propanolamine derivative and a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive property. Timolol competitively binds to beta-1-adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle and beta-2-receptors in the bronchial and vascular smooth muscle, resulting in a decrease in beta-adrenergic stimulation. Beta-1-receptor blockade results Read More …

Carteolol is a synthetic quinolinone derivative and nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent with anti-glaucoma activity. Upon topical administration to the eye, carteolol decreases aqueous humor production, thereby reducing intraocular pressure (IOP).A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-anginal agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an Read More …

Pindolol is an aryloxypropanolamine derivative with the antihypertensive property. Pindolol competitively binds to beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in a decrease in beta-adrenergic activities, i.e., vasodilation, and negative chronotropic and inotropic effects. In addition, this agent blocks serotonin (5-HT) 1A receptors, thereby increasing the available serotonin in the brain. Read More …

Penbutolol is a lipophilic, nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist with anti-anginal and antihypertensive activities. Penbutolol competitively binds to and blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, thereby decreasing cardiac contractility and rate. This leads to a reduction in cardiac output and lowers blood pressure. Read More …

Nadolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic activities. Nadolol competitively blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors located in the heart and vascular smooth muscle, inhibiting the activities of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine and producing negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. This agent exhibits antiarrhythmic activity via Read More …

Flurazepam is a member of the benzodiazepines and a long-acting depressor of the central nervous system (CNS) with sedative and hypnotic effects. Flurazepam binds to a specific site on the benzodiazepine-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A-chloride ionophore receptor complex located on the neuronal membrane. Binding causes an allosteric modification Read More …