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Category: Health A – Z

  • Bone Marrow Transplant – Indications, Contraindications

    Bone Marrow Transplant (hematopoietic stem cell transplant) (HPSCT) involves the administration of healthy hematopoietic stem cells in patients with dysfunctional or depleted bone marrow. This helps to augment bone marrow function and allows, depending on the disease being treated, to either destroy tumor cells with malignancy or to generate functional cells that can replace the

  • Chemical Peeling – Indications, Contraindication, Procedure

    Chemical peeling, also known as chemexfoliation or chemical exfoliation, is a procedure where a chemical substance applied to the skin causes controlled destruction of the epidermis with or without part of the dermis, leading to skin regeneration and remodeling. Chemical peels can be used to treat various skin conditions, such as acne vulgaris, photodamage, pigmentary

  • Ankle-Brachial Index – Indication, Contraindication

    The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a non-invasive tool for the assessment of vascular status. It consists of the ratio between the systolic blood pressure of the lower extremity, specifically the ankle, and the upper extremity. This ratio is a comparison of the resistance of the blood vessels with one of the primary factors being the

  • Trochanteric Bursitis – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

    Trochanteric bursitis is characterized by painful inflammation of the bursa located just superficial to the greater trochanter of the femur. Activities involving running and those involving the possibility of falls or physical contact, as well as lateral hip surgery and certain preexisting conditions, are potentially associated with trochanteric bursitis. Trochanteric Bursitis affects 1.8 per 1000

  • Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome

    Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), previously known as trochanteric bursitis, affects 1.8 per 1000 patients annually. GTPS results from degenerative changes affecting the gluteal tendons and bursa.[rx] Patients complain of pain over the lateral aspect of the thigh that is exacerbated with prolonged sitting, climbing stairs, high impact physical activity, or lying over the affected area.[rx] GTPS contains

  • Snapping Hip – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

    Snapping Hip/Snapping hip syndrome also known as coxa saltans (or dancer’s hip) is a clinical condition characterized by an audible or palpable snapping sensation that is heard during movement of the hip joint. Snapping hip has multiple etiologies and is classified based on the anatomic structure that is the cause/source of the snapping sensation. Historically, two

  • What Is Snapping Hip Syndrome? – Causes, Symptoms

    What Is Snapping Hip Syndrome?/Snapping hip syndrome also known as coxa saltans (or dancer’s hip) is a clinical condition characterized by an audible or palpable snapping sensation that is heard during movement of the hip joint. Snapping hip has multiple etiologies and is classified based on the anatomic structure that is the cause/source of the snapping

  • Hip Joint Anatomy – Blood Nerve Supply, Function, Muscle

    Hip Joint Anatomy is a ball and socket joint that is the point of articulation between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the pelvis. The joint is a diarthrodial joint with its inherent stability dictated primarily by its osseous components/articulations.  The primary function of the hip joint is to provide dynamic support

  • Total Knee Replacement Surgery Procedure

    Total Knee Replacement Surgery Procedure/Total Knee Replacement(TKR) is a viable treatment for symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee refractory to conservative measures. In those with end-stage degenerative changes compromising the articular cartilage affecting multiple compartments of the knee, the literature has yet to identify a potentially viable alternative option for the regeneration of cartilage.  Thus, TKA

  • Indications of Total Knee Arthroplasty

    Indications of Total Knee Arthroplasty/Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most cost-effective and consistently successful surgeries performed in orthopedics. Patient-reported outcomes are shown to improve dramatically with respect to pain relief, functional restoration, and improved quality of life. TKA provides reliable outcomes for patients’ suffering from end-stage, tri-compartmental, degenerative osteoarthritis (OA). While OA

  • Ischemic Necrosis of Bone – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

    Ischemic Necrosis of Bone /Osteonecrosis of the hip commonly known as avascular necrosis (AVN) of the hip, is the death of the femoral head as a result of vascular disruption. AVN of the hip results in pain around the hip which is insidious in onset. The cause is generally multifactorial and more commonly seen in

  • LCL Injury – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

    LCL Injury/Lateral Collateral Ligament Injury is the primary varus stabilizer of the tibiofemoral joint. Diagnosing an injury to this ligament can be challenging in the setting of multi ligamentous trauma; however, failure to recognize these injuries can result in instability of the knee and unsatisfactory outcomes after cruciate ligament reconstruction. Recent literature exploring the anatomy

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