Drugs A-Z – Page 6 – illnesshacker

ByRx Harun

Diosmin Cream – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Diosmin Cream/Diosmin is a disaccharide derivative that consists of diosmetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a rutinoside, a disaccharide derivative, a monomethoxyflavone, and a dihydroxyflavanone. It derives from a diosmetin.

Diosmin is a semisynthetic drug indicated for the treatment of venous disease. Diosmin is a flavone that can be found in the plant Teucrium gnaphalodes. Diosmin is available as prescription medicine in several European countries and is available as a nutritional supplement in the United States and the rest of Europe. It should be noted that clinical studies have been inconclusive and no articles have been published pertaining to its use in the treatment of vascular disease. When used in rats, diosmin has been effective at mitigating hyperglycemia, and may also have antineutrino degenerative properties.

Another Name

Barosmin
Buchu Resin
Daflon
Diosmin
Resin, Buchu
Venosmine
Diosmin
Diosmina
Diosmine
Diosminum

Mechanism of Action of Diosmin

Ligand-activated transcriptional activator. Binds to the XRE promoter region of genes it activates. Activates the expression of multiple phases I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme gene. Diosmin is a semisynthetic drug indicated for the treatment of venous disease. Diosmin is a flavone that can be found in the plant Teucrium gnaphalodes. Diosmin is available as prescription medicine in several European countries and is available as a nutritional supplement in the United States and the rest of Europe. It should be noted that clinical studies have been inconclusive and no articles have been published pertaining to its use in the treatment of vascular disease. When used in rats, diosmin has been effective at mitigating hyperglycemia, and may also have antineutrino degenerative properties.

Indications of Diosmin

Venous Insufficiency – general or unspecified but usually of the legs; coordinate IM with the specific vein (IM) or organ /‌blood supply (IM) if pertinent cope NoteImpaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle.
Hemorrhoidal; hemorrhoidal disease; hemorrhoids – Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms that include bleeding, itching, and pain.\
Edema – general prefer specifics; coordinate IM with organ/diseases term (IM); egg-white edema: coordinate IM with OVALBUMIN (NIM if indexed at all); EPH (Edema, Proteinuria, Hypertension) gestosis, EPH & do not index under EDEMA unless it is particularly discussedScope NoteAbnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.
Diosmin is a dietary supplement – used to aid the treatment of hemorrhoids and venous diseases, i.e., chronic venous insufficiency including spider and varicose veins, leg swelling (edema), stasis dermatitis and venous ulcers. The mechanism of action of Diosmin and other phlebotomists is undefined, and clinical evidence of benefit is limited. Diosmin is not recommended for treating the rectal mucosa, skin irritations, or wounds, and should not be used to treat dermatitis, eczema, or urticaria. Diosmin is not recommended for use in children or women during pregnancy.^[rx]
Chronic venous insufficiency
Diabetes
Hemorrhoids
High blood pressure
Lymphedema (swelling of the arms)
Premenstrual syndrome
Ulcerative colitis
Varicose veins

Contraindications of Diosmin

The gel formulation is contraindicated for application to mucosa, dermal irritations, or wounds, and it should not be used to treat dermatitis, eczema, or urticaria. Diosmin is not recommended for use in children.

Dosage of Diosmin

For venous insufficiency, the dosage is 2 tablets daily. For acute hemorrhoidal attack, the dosage is 6 tablets daily for 4 days, followed by 4 tablets daily over the next 3 days.^[rx] For chronic venous disease, the dosage is 2 tablets a day for at least 2 months.^[rx]

BY MOUTH

For the treatment of internal hemorrhoids – 1350 mg of diosmin plus 150 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 4 days followed by 900 mg of diosmin and 100 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 3 days. Some researchers also try 600 mg of diosmin three times daily for 4 days, followed by 300 mg twice daily for 10 days, in combination with 11 grams of psyllium daily. However, this lower diosmin dose does not seem to be as effective.
For prevention of relapse internal hemorrhoids – 450 mg of diosmin plus 50 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 3 months of therapy.
For the treatment of leg wounds due to blood flow problems (venous stasis ulcers) – the combination of 900 mg of diosmin and 100 mg of hesperidin daily has been used for up to 2 months.

Side Effects of Diosmin

Diosmin is safe for most people when used short-term for up to 6 months. It can cause some side effects such as stomach and abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, skin redness and hives, muscle pain, blood problems, and altered heart rate.

In some 10% of users, diosmin causes mild gastrointestinal disorders or skin irritations (hives, itching), stomach pain, nausea, heart arrhythmias, or anemia.^[rx] Preliminary research indicates no evidence of toxicity.^[rx] The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concluded in 2001 that there was inadequate evidence on which to base an expectation of safety. As of 2013, the FDA did not revise this position.^[rx]

Drug Interactions of Diosmin

We currently have no information about DIOSMIN Interactions.

Pregnancy Category of Diosmin

Pregnancy and breast-feeding

Not enough is known about the use of diosmin during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Bleeding disorders

Diosmin might make bleeding disorders worse. If you have a bleeding disorder, don’t use diosmin.

References

ByRx Harun

Diosmin Drug – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Diosmin Drug/Diosmin is a disaccharide derivative that consists of diosmetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a rutinoside, a disaccharide derivative, a monomethoxyflavone, and a dihydroxyflavanone. It derives from a diosmetin.

Diosmin is a semisynthetic drug indicated for the treatment of venous disease. Diosmin is a flavone that can be found in the plant Teucrium gnaphalodes. Diosmin is available as prescription medicine in several European countries and is available as a nutritional supplement in the United States and the rest of Europe. It should be noted that clinical studies have been inconclusive and no articles have been published pertaining to its use in the treatment of vascular disease. When used in rats, diosmin has been effective at mitigating hyperglycemia, and may also have antineutrino degenerative properties.

Another Name

Barosmin
Buchu Resin
Daflon
Diosmin
Resin, Buchu
Venosmine
Diosmin
Diosmina
Diosmine
Diosminum

Mechanism of Action of Diosmin

Ligand-activated transcriptional activator. Binds to the XRE promoter region of genes it activates. Activates the expression of multiple phases I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme gene. Diosmin is a semisynthetic drug indicated for the treatment of venous disease. Diosmin is a flavone that can be found in the plant Teucrium gnaphalodes. Diosmin is available as prescription medicine in several European countries and is available as a nutritional supplement in the United States and the rest of Europe. It should be noted that clinical studies have been inconclusive and no articles have been published pertaining to its use in the treatment of vascular disease. When used in rats, diosmin has been effective at mitigating hyperglycemia, and may also have antineutrino degenerative properties.

Indications of Diosmin

Venous Insufficiency – general or unspecified but usually of the legs; coordinate IM with the specific vein (IM) or organ /‌blood supply (IM) if pertinent cope NoteImpaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle.
Hemorrhoidal; hemorrhoidal disease; hemorrhoids – Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms that include bleeding, itching, and pain.\
Edema – general prefer specifics; coordinate IM with organ/diseases term (IM); egg-white edema: coordinate IM with OVALBUMIN (NIM if indexed at all); EPH (Edema, Proteinuria, Hypertension) gestosis, EPH & do not index under EDEMA unless it is particularly discussedScope NoteAbnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.
Diosmin is a dietary supplement – used to aid the treatment of hemorrhoids and venous diseases, i.e., chronic venous insufficiency including spider and varicose veins, leg swelling (edema), stasis dermatitis and venous ulcers. The mechanism of action of Diosmin and other phlebotomists is undefined, and clinical evidence of benefit is limited. Diosmin is not recommended for treating the rectal mucosa, skin irritations, or wounds, and should not be used to treat dermatitis, eczema, or urticaria. Diosmin is not recommended for use in children or women during pregnancy.^[rx]
Chronic venous insufficiency
Diabetes
Hemorrhoids
High blood pressure
Lymphedema (swelling of the arms)
Premenstrual syndrome
Ulcerative colitis
Varicose veins

Contraindications of Diosmin

The gel formulation is contraindicated for application to mucosa, dermal irritations, or wounds, and it should not be used to treat dermatitis, eczema, or urticaria. Diosmin is not recommended for use in children.

Dosage of Diosmin

For venous insufficiency, the dosage is 2 tablets daily. For acute hemorrhoidal attack, the dosage is 6 tablets daily for 4 days, followed by 4 tablets daily over the next 3 days.^[rx] For chronic venous disease, the dosage is 2 tablets a day for at least 2 months.^[rx]

BY MOUTH

For the treatment of internal hemorrhoids – 1350 mg of diosmin plus 150 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 4 days followed by 900 mg of diosmin and 100 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 3 days. Some researchers also try 600 mg of diosmin three times daily for 4 days, followed by 300 mg twice daily for 10 days, in combination with 11 grams of psyllium daily. However, this lower diosmin dose does not seem to be as effective.
For prevention of relapse internal hemorrhoids – 450 mg of diosmin plus 50 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 3 months of therapy.
For the treatment of leg wounds due to blood flow problems (venous stasis ulcers) – the combination of 900 mg of diosmin and 100 mg of hesperidin daily has been used for up to 2 months.

Side Effects of Diosmin

Diosmin is safe for most people when used short-term for up to 6 months. It can cause some side effects such as stomach and abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, skin redness and hives, muscle pain, blood problems, and altered heart rate.

In some 10% of users, diosmin causes mild gastrointestinal disorders or skin irritations (hives, itching), stomach pain, nausea, heart arrhythmias, or anemia.^[rx] Preliminary research indicates no evidence of toxicity.^[rx] The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concluded in 2001 that there was inadequate evidence on which to base an expectation of safety. As of 2013, the FDA did not revise this position.^[rx]

Drug Interactions of Diosmin

We currently have no information about DIOSMIN Interactions.

Pregnancy Category of Diosmin

Pregnancy and breast-feeding

Not enough is known about the use of diosmin during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Bleeding disorders

Diosmin might make bleeding disorders worse. If you have a bleeding disorder, don’t use diosmin.

References

ByRx Harun

Diosmin – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions

Diosmin is a disaccharide derivative that consists of diosmetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a rutinoside, a disaccharide derivative, a monomethoxyflavone, and a dihydroxyflavanone. It derives from a diosmetin.

Diosmin is a semisynthetic drug indicated for the treatment of venous disease. Diosmin is a flavone that can be found in the plant Teucrium gnaphalodes. Diosmin is available as prescription medicine in several European countries and is available as a nutritional supplement in the United States and the rest of Europe. It should be noted that clinical studies have been inconclusive and no articles have been published pertaining to its use in the treatment of vascular disease. When used in rats, diosmin has been effective at mitigating hyperglycemia, and may also have antineutrino degenerative properties.

Another Name

Barosmin
Buchu Resin
Daflon
Diosmin
Resin, Buchu
Venosmine
Diosmin
Diosmina
Diosmine
Diosminum

Mechanism of Action of Diosmin

Ligand-activated transcriptional activator. Binds to the XRE promoter region of genes it activates. Activates the expression of multiple phases I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme gene. Diosmin is a semisynthetic drug indicated for the treatment of venous disease. Diosmin is a flavone that can be found in the plant Teucrium gnaphalodes. Diosmin is available as prescription medicine in several European countries and is available as a nutritional supplement in the United States and the rest of Europe. It should be noted that clinical studies have been inconclusive and no articles have been published pertaining to its use in the treatment of vascular disease. When used in rats, diosmin has been effective at mitigating hyperglycemia, and may also have antineutrino degenerative properties.

Indications of Diosmin

Venous Insufficiency – general or unspecified but usually of the legs; coordinate IM with the specific vein (IM) or organ /‌blood supply (IM) if pertinent cope NoteImpaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with EDEMA and sometimes with VENOUS STASIS ULCERS at the ankle.
Hemorrhoidal; hemorrhoidal disease; hemorrhoids – Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms that include bleeding, itching, and pain.\
Edema – general prefer specifics; coordinate IM with organ/diseases term (IM); egg-white edema: coordinate IM with OVALBUMIN (NIM if indexed at all); EPH (Edema, Proteinuria, Hypertension) gestosis, EPH & do not index under EDEMA unless it is particularly discussedScope NoteAbnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.
Diosmin is a dietary supplement – used to aid the treatment of hemorrhoids and venous diseases, i.e., chronic venous insufficiency including spider and varicose veins, leg swelling (edema), stasis dermatitis and venous ulcers. The mechanism of action of Diosmin and other phlebotomists is undefined, and clinical evidence of benefit is limited. Diosmin is not recommended for treating the rectal mucosa, skin irritations, or wounds, and should not be used to treat dermatitis, eczema, or urticaria. Diosmin is not recommended for use in children or women during pregnancy.^[rx]
Chronic venous insufficiency
Diabetes
Hemorrhoids
High blood pressure
Lymphedema (swelling of the arms)
Premenstrual syndrome
Ulcerative colitis
Varicose veins

Contraindications of Diosmin

The gel formulation is contraindicated for application to mucosa, dermal irritations, or wounds, and it should not be used to treat dermatitis, eczema, or urticaria. Diosmin is not recommended for use in children.

Dosage of Diosmin

For venous insufficiency, the dosage is 2 tablets daily. For acute hemorrhoidal attack, the dosage is 6 tablets daily for 4 days, followed by 4 tablets daily over the next 3 days.^[rx] For chronic venous disease, the dosage is 2 tablets a day for at least 2 months.^[rx]

BY MOUTH

For the treatment of internal hemorrhoids – 1350 mg of diosmin plus 150 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 4 days followed by 900 mg of diosmin and 100 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 3 days. Some researchers also try 600 mg of diosmin three times daily for 4 days, followed by 300 mg twice daily for 10 days, in combination with 11 grams of psyllium daily. However, this lower diosmin dose does not seem to be as effective.
For prevention of relapse internal hemorrhoids – 450 mg of diosmin plus 50 mg of hesperidin twice daily for 3 months of therapy.
For the treatment of leg wounds due to blood flow problems (venous stasis ulcers) – the combination of 900 mg of diosmin and 100 mg of hesperidin daily has been used for up to 2 months.

Side Effects of Diosmin

Diosmin is safe for most people when used short-term for up to 6 months. It can cause some side effects such as stomach and abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, skin redness and hives, muscle pain, blood problems, and altered heart rate.

In some 10% of users, diosmin causes mild gastrointestinal disorders or skin irritations (hives, itching), stomach pain, nausea, heart arrhythmias, or anemia.^[rx] Preliminary research indicates no evidence of toxicity.^[rx] The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concluded in 2001 that there was inadequate evidence on which to base an expectation of safety. As of 2013, the FDA did not revise this position.^[rx]

Drug Interactions of Diosmin

We currently have no information about DIOSMIN Interactions.

Pregnancy Category of Diosmin

Pregnancy and breast-feeding

Not enough is known about the use of diosmin during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Bleeding disorders

Diosmin might make bleeding disorders worse. If you have a bleeding disorder, don’t use diosmin.

References

ByRx Harun

Benzyl Cinnamate – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions

Benzyl cinnamate is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: a) they are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice, and 2) they consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part.

Benzyl cinnamate’s production and use in artificial flavors and perfumes, mainly as a fixative, may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 1X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates benzyl cinnamate will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases. Vapor phase benzyl cinnamate will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 hours for the cis-isomer and 13 hours for the trans-isomer of benzyl cinnamate. Particulate-phase benzyl cinnamate will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition. If released to soil, benzyl cinnamate is expected to have no mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 10,400. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry’s Law constant of 3.3X10-7 atm-cu m/mole. Benzyl cinnamate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. If released into water, benzyl cinnamate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon its estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound’s estimated Henry’s Law constant. An estimated BCF of 270 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 3.8X10-2 L/mole-sec was estimated using a structure estimation method; this corresponds to half-lives of 6 years and 211 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively. Occupational exposure to benzyl cinnamate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where benzyl cinnamate is produced or used. Consumer exposure is possible from products that use benzyl cinnamate as a flavor or perfume fixative. (SRC)

References

ByRx Harun

Uses Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Uses Indications of Benzyl Benzoate /Benzyl benzoate is a benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of benzoic acid with benzyl alcohol. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Polyalthia. It has a role as a scabicide, an acaricide, and a plant metabolite. It is a benzyl ester and a benzoate ester. It derives from benzoic acid.

Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Synonyms

Acarobenzyl
Benylate
Benzevan
Benzoate de benzyle
Benzoesäurebenzylester
Benzoic acid phenylmethylester
Benzoic acid, benzyl ester
Benzoic acid, phenylmethyl ester
Benzyl benzoat
Benzylis benzoas
Phenylmethyl benzoate

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Benzyl benzoate exerts toxic effects on the nervous system of the parasite, resulting in its death. It is also toxic to mite ova, though its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In vitro, benzyl benzoate has been found to kill the Sarcoptes mite within 5 minutes. Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Used to kill lice and the mites responsible for the skin condition scabies.
Benzyl benzoate is used as an alternative agent for the topical treatment of scabies and also has been used for the topical treatment of pediculosis (lice infestation). Benzyl benzoate lotion, in an approximate concentration of 28% w/w, is applied topically. The drug should not be administered orally. Containers of the lotion should be shaken before using it.
Benzyl benzoate is an effective and inexpensive topical treatment for human scabies. It has vasodilating and spasmolytic effects and is present in many asthma and whooping cough drugs.^[rx] It is also used as an excipient in some testosterone-replacement medications (like Nebido) for treating hypogonadism.^[rx]
Benzyl benzoate is used as a topical acaricide, scabicide, and pediculicide in veterinary hospitals.^[rx]

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

The dose of benzyl benzoate will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of benzyl benzoate. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

For lice infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated two or three times after twenty-four hours.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

For scabies infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated after twenty-four hours one time anytime within five days.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Blister formation, crusting, itching, oozing, reddening, or scaling of the skin
difficulty in urinating (dribbling)
jerking movements
sudden loss of consciousness

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that benzyl benzoate not be used in pregnant women unless considered essential.

Breast-feeding

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that breastfeeding be suspended during treatment and reinstated only after the medication has been discontinued.

Pediatrics

Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of benzyl benzoate have not been performed in the pediatric population. However, no pediatrics-specific problems have been documented to date.

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

Benzyl benzoate usually comes with patient directions. Read them carefully before using benzyl benzoate.

Use benzyl benzoate only as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than recommended on the label. To do so may increase the chance of absorption through the skin and the chance of side effects.

Keep benzyl benzoate away from the eyes and other mucous membranes, such as the inside of the nose, because it may cause irritation . If you accidentally get some in your eyes, flush them thoroughly with water at once.

Do not use benzyl benzoate on open wounds, such as cuts or sores on the skin or scalp. To do so may increase the amount of absorption, which may increase the chance of side effects.

Your sexual partner or partners, especially, and all members of your household may need to be treated also, since the infestation may spread to persons in close contact. If these persons have not been examined for infestation or if you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

If your hair has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil-based product on it, shampoo, rinse, and dry your hair and scalp well before applying benzyl benzoate.
Apply enough medicine to thoroughly wet the dry hair and scalp or skin.
Allow the medicine to remain on the affected areas for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the affected areas with warm water and soap or regular shampoo.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.
After rinsing and drying, use a fine-toothed comb (less than 0.3 mm between the teeth) to remove any remaining nits (eggs) or nit shells from your hair, or, if you have fine hair, you may use a tweezer or your fingernails to pick nits out.

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

If your skin has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil on it, wash, rinse, and dry your skin well before applying benzyl benzoate.
If you take a bath or shower before using benzyl benzoate, dry the skin well before applying for the medicine.
Apply enough medicine to cover the entire skin surface from the neck down, including the soles of your feet, and rub in well.
Allow the medicine to remain on the body for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the body with warm water and soap.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.

Immediately after using benzyl benzoate, wash your hands to remove any medicine that may be on them.

Treatment may need to be repeated for severe infestation.

Drug Warnings

Studies in animals showed that oral ingestion of large doses of benzyl benzoate resulted in progressive incoordination, CNS excitation, seizures, and death.
When used in appropriate dosage, topically applied benzyl benzoate appears to have a low order of toxicity. Slight local irritation (especially of the male genitalia), itching, and allergic skin sensitivity may occur, and contact with the face, eyes, mucous membranes, and urethral meatus should be avoided. Repeated application of benzyl benzoate frequently causes contact dermatitis.
Benzyl benzoate is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug.
Benzyl benzoate should not be applied to acutely inflamed skin or raw, weeping surfaces. If primary irritation or hypersensitivity occurs, treatment should be discontinued and the drug removed with soap and water.

References

Benzyl benzoate

ByRx Harun

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate – Side Effects, Warning

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate/Benzyl benzoate is a benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of benzoic acid with benzyl alcohol. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Polyalthia. It has a role as a scabicide, an acaricide, and a plant metabolite. It is a benzyl ester and a benzoate ester. It derives from benzoic acid.

Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Synonyms

Acarobenzyl
Benylate
Benzevan
Benzoate de benzyle
Benzoesäurebenzylester
Benzoic acid phenylmethylester
Benzoic acid, benzyl ester
Benzoic acid, phenylmethyl ester
Benzyl benzoat
Benzylis benzoas
Phenylmethyl benzoate

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Benzyl benzoate exerts toxic effects on the nervous system of the parasite, resulting in its death. It is also toxic to mite ova, though its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In vitro, benzyl benzoate has been found to kill the Sarcoptes mite within 5 minutes. Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Used to kill lice and the mites responsible for the skin condition scabies.
Benzyl benzoate is used as an alternative agent for the topical treatment of scabies and also has been used for the topical treatment of pediculosis (lice infestation). Benzyl benzoate lotion, in an approximate concentration of 28% w/w, is applied topically. The drug should not be administered orally. Containers of the lotion should be shaken before using it.
Benzyl benzoate is an effective and inexpensive topical treatment for human scabies. It has vasodilating and spasmolytic effects and is present in many asthma and whooping cough drugs.^[rx] It is also used as an excipient in some testosterone-replacement medications (like Nebido) for treating hypogonadism.^[rx]
Benzyl benzoate is used as a topical acaricide, scabicide, and pediculicide in veterinary hospitals.^[rx]

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

The dose of benzyl benzoate will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of benzyl benzoate. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

For lice infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated two or three times after twenty-four hours.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

For scabies infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated after twenty-four hours one time anytime within five days.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Blister formation, crusting, itching, oozing, reddening, or scaling of the skin
difficulty in urinating (dribbling)
jerking movements
sudden loss of consciousness

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that benzyl benzoate not be used in pregnant women unless considered essential.

Breast-feeding

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that breastfeeding be suspended during treatment and reinstated only after the medication has been discontinued.

Pediatrics

Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of benzyl benzoate have not been performed in the pediatric population. However, no pediatrics-specific problems have been documented to date.

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

Benzyl benzoate usually comes with patient directions. Read them carefully before using benzyl benzoate.

Use benzyl benzoate only as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than recommended on the label. To do so may increase the chance of absorption through the skin and the chance of side effects.

Keep benzyl benzoate away from the eyes and other mucous membranes, such as the inside of the nose, because it may cause irritation . If you accidentally get some in your eyes, flush them thoroughly with water at once.

Do not use benzyl benzoate on open wounds, such as cuts or sores on the skin or scalp. To do so may increase the amount of absorption, which may increase the chance of side effects.

Your sexual partner or partners, especially, and all members of your household may need to be treated also, since the infestation may spread to persons in close contact. If these persons have not been examined for infestation or if you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

If your hair has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil-based product on it, shampoo, rinse, and dry your hair and scalp well before applying benzyl benzoate.
Apply enough medicine to thoroughly wet the dry hair and scalp or skin.
Allow the medicine to remain on the affected areas for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the affected areas with warm water and soap or regular shampoo.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.
After rinsing and drying, use a fine-toothed comb (less than 0.3 mm between the teeth) to remove any remaining nits (eggs) or nit shells from your hair, or, if you have fine hair, you may use a tweezer or your fingernails to pick nits out.

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

If your skin has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil on it, wash, rinse, and dry your skin well before applying benzyl benzoate.
If you take a bath or shower before using benzyl benzoate, dry the skin well before applying for the medicine.
Apply enough medicine to cover the entire skin surface from the neck down, including the soles of your feet, and rub in well.
Allow the medicine to remain on the body for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the body with warm water and soap.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.

Immediately after using benzyl benzoate, wash your hands to remove any medicine that may be on them.

Treatment may need to be repeated for severe infestation.

Drug Warnings

Studies in animals showed that oral ingestion of large doses of benzyl benzoate resulted in progressive incoordination, CNS excitation, seizures, and death.
When used in appropriate dosage, topically applied benzyl benzoate appears to have a low order of toxicity. Slight local irritation (especially of the male genitalia), itching, and allergic skin sensitivity may occur, and contact with the face, eyes, mucous membranes, and urethral meatus should be avoided. Repeated application of benzyl benzoate frequently causes contact dermatitis.
Benzyl benzoate is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug.
Benzyl benzoate should not be applied to acutely inflamed skin or raw, weeping surfaces. If primary irritation or hypersensitivity occurs, treatment should be discontinued and the drug removed with soap and water.

References

Benzyl benzoate

ByRx Harun

Benzyl Benzoate Topical – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Benzyl Benzoate Topical/Benzyl benzoate is a benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of benzoic acid with benzyl alcohol. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Polyalthia. It has a role as a scabicide, an acaricide, and a plant metabolite. It is a benzyl ester and a benzoate ester. It derives from benzoic acid.

Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Synonyms

Acarobenzyl
Benylate
Benzevan
Benzoate de benzyle
Benzoesäurebenzylester
Benzoic acid phenylmethylester
Benzoic acid, benzyl ester
Benzoic acid, phenylmethyl ester
Benzyl benzoat
Benzylis benzoas
Phenylmethyl benzoate

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Benzyl benzoate exerts toxic effects on the nervous system of the parasite, resulting in its death. It is also toxic to mite ova, though its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In vitro, benzyl benzoate has been found to kill the Sarcoptes mite within 5 minutes. Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Used to kill lice and the mites responsible for the skin condition scabies.
Benzyl benzoate is used as an alternative agent for the topical treatment of scabies and also has been used for the topical treatment of pediculosis (lice infestation). Benzyl benzoate lotion, in an approximate concentration of 28% w/w, is applied topically. The drug should not be administered orally. Containers of the lotion should be shaken before using it.
Benzyl benzoate is an effective and inexpensive topical treatment for human scabies. It has vasodilating and spasmolytic effects and is present in many asthma and whooping cough drugs.^[rx] It is also used as an excipient in some testosterone-replacement medications (like Nebido) for treating hypogonadism.^[rx]
Benzyl benzoate is used as a topical acaricide, scabicide, and pediculicide in veterinary hospitals.^[rx]

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

The dose of benzyl benzoate will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of benzyl benzoate. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

For lice infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated two or three times after twenty-four hours.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

For scabies infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated after twenty-four hours one time anytime within five days.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Blister formation, crusting, itching, oozing, reddening, or scaling of the skin
difficulty in urinating (dribbling)
jerking movements
sudden loss of consciousness

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that benzyl benzoate not be used in pregnant women unless considered essential.

Breast-feeding

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that breastfeeding be suspended during treatment and reinstated only after the medication has been discontinued.

Pediatrics

Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of benzyl benzoate have not been performed in the pediatric population. However, no pediatrics-specific problems have been documented to date.

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

Benzyl benzoate usually comes with patient directions. Read them carefully before using benzyl benzoate.

Use benzyl benzoate only as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than recommended on the label. To do so may increase the chance of absorption through the skin and the chance of side effects.

Keep benzyl benzoate away from the eyes and other mucous membranes, such as the inside of the nose, because it may cause irritation . If you accidentally get some in your eyes, flush them thoroughly with water at once.

Do not use benzyl benzoate on open wounds, such as cuts or sores on the skin or scalp. To do so may increase the amount of absorption, which may increase the chance of side effects.

Your sexual partner or partners, especially, and all members of your household may need to be treated also, since the infestation may spread to persons in close contact. If these persons have not been examined for infestation or if you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

If your hair has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil-based product on it, shampoo, rinse, and dry your hair and scalp well before applying benzyl benzoate.
Apply enough medicine to thoroughly wet the dry hair and scalp or skin.
Allow the medicine to remain on the affected areas for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the affected areas with warm water and soap or regular shampoo.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.
After rinsing and drying, use a fine-toothed comb (less than 0.3 mm between the teeth) to remove any remaining nits (eggs) or nit shells from your hair, or, if you have fine hair, you may use a tweezer or your fingernails to pick nits out.

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

If your skin has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil on it, wash, rinse, and dry your skin well before applying benzyl benzoate.
If you take a bath or shower before using benzyl benzoate, dry the skin well before applying for the medicine.
Apply enough medicine to cover the entire skin surface from the neck down, including the soles of your feet, and rub in well.
Allow the medicine to remain on the body for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the body with warm water and soap.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.

Immediately after using benzyl benzoate, wash your hands to remove any medicine that may be on them.

Treatment may need to be repeated for severe infestation.

Drug Warnings

Studies in animals showed that oral ingestion of large doses of benzyl benzoate resulted in progressive incoordination, CNS excitation, seizures, and death.
When used in appropriate dosage, topically applied benzyl benzoate appears to have a low order of toxicity. Slight local irritation (especially of the male genitalia), itching, and allergic skin sensitivity may occur, and contact with the face, eyes, mucous membranes, and urethral meatus should be avoided. Repeated application of benzyl benzoate frequently causes contact dermatitis.
Benzyl benzoate is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug.
Benzyl benzoate should not be applied to acutely inflamed skin or raw, weeping surfaces. If primary irritation or hypersensitivity occurs, treatment should be discontinued and the drug removed with soap and water.

References

Benzyl benzoate

ByRx Harun

Benzyl benzoate Cream – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Benzyl benzoate Cream/Benzyl benzoate is a benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of benzoic acid with benzyl alcohol. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Polyalthia. It has a role as a scabicide, an acaricide, and a plant metabolite. It is a benzyl ester and a benzoate ester. It derives from benzoic acid.

Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Synonyms

Acarobenzyl
Benylate
Benzevan
Benzoate de benzyle
Benzoesäurebenzylester
Benzoic acid phenylmethylester
Benzoic acid, benzyl ester
Benzoic acid, phenylmethyl ester
Benzyl benzoat
Benzylis benzoas
Phenylmethyl benzoate

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Benzyl benzoate exerts toxic effects on the nervous system of the parasite, resulting in its death. It is also toxic to mite ova, though its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In vitro, benzyl benzoate has been found to kill the Sarcoptes mite within 5 minutes. Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Used to kill lice and the mites responsible for the skin condition scabies.
Benzyl benzoate is used as an alternative agent for the topical treatment of scabies and also has been used for the topical treatment of pediculosis (lice infestation). Benzyl benzoate lotion, in an approximate concentration of 28% w/w, is applied topically. The drug should not be administered orally. Containers of the lotion should be shaken before using it.
Benzyl benzoate is an effective and inexpensive topical treatment for human scabies. It has vasodilating and spasmolytic effects and is present in many asthma and whooping cough drugs.^[rx] It is also used as an excipient in some testosterone-replacement medications (like Nebido) for treating hypogonadism.^[rx]
Benzyl benzoate is used as a topical acaricide, scabicide, and pediculicide in veterinary hospitals.^[rx]

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

The dose of benzyl benzoate will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of benzyl benzoate. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

For lice infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated two or three times after twenty-four hours.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

For scabies infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated after twenty-four hours one time anytime within five days.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Blister formation, crusting, itching, oozing, reddening, or scaling of the skin
difficulty in urinating (dribbling)
jerking movements
sudden loss of consciousness

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that benzyl benzoate not be used in pregnant women unless considered essential.

Breast-feeding

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that breastfeeding be suspended during treatment and reinstated only after the medication has been discontinued.

Pediatrics

Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of benzyl benzoate have not been performed in the pediatric population. However, no pediatrics-specific problems have been documented to date.

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

Benzyl benzoate usually comes with patient directions. Read them carefully before using benzyl benzoate.

Use benzyl benzoate only as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than recommended on the label. To do so may increase the chance of absorption through the skin and the chance of side effects.

Keep benzyl benzoate away from the eyes and other mucous membranes, such as the inside of the nose, because it may cause irritation . If you accidentally get some in your eyes, flush them thoroughly with water at once.

Do not use benzyl benzoate on open wounds, such as cuts or sores on the skin or scalp. To do so may increase the amount of absorption, which may increase the chance of side effects.

Your sexual partner or partners, especially, and all members of your household may need to be treated also, since the infestation may spread to persons in close contact. If these persons have not been examined for infestation or if you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

If your hair has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil-based product on it, shampoo, rinse, and dry your hair and scalp well before applying benzyl benzoate.
Apply enough medicine to thoroughly wet the dry hair and scalp or skin.
Allow the medicine to remain on the affected areas for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the affected areas with warm water and soap or regular shampoo.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.
After rinsing and drying, use a fine-toothed comb (less than 0.3 mm between the teeth) to remove any remaining nits (eggs) or nit shells from your hair, or, if you have fine hair, you may use a tweezer or your fingernails to pick nits out.

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

If your skin has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil on it, wash, rinse, and dry your skin well before applying benzyl benzoate.
If you take a bath or shower before using benzyl benzoate, dry the skin well before applying for the medicine.
Apply enough medicine to cover the entire skin surface from the neck down, including the soles of your feet, and rub in well.
Allow the medicine to remain on the body for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the body with warm water and soap.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.

Immediately after using benzyl benzoate, wash your hands to remove any medicine that may be on them.

Treatment may need to be repeated for severe infestation.

Drug Warnings

Studies in animals showed that oral ingestion of large doses of benzyl benzoate resulted in progressive incoordination, CNS excitation, seizures, and death.
When used in appropriate dosage, topically applied benzyl benzoate appears to have a low order of toxicity. Slight local irritation (especially of the male genitalia), itching, and allergic skin sensitivity may occur, and contact with the face, eyes, mucous membranes, and urethral meatus should be avoided. Repeated application of benzyl benzoate frequently causes contact dermatitis.
Benzyl benzoate is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug.
Benzyl benzoate should not be applied to acutely inflamed skin or raw, weeping surfaces. If primary irritation or hypersensitivity occurs, treatment should be discontinued and the drug removed with soap and water.

References

Benzyl benzoate

ByRx Harun

Benzyl Benzoate – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions

Benzyl benzoate is a benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of benzoic acid with benzyl alcohol. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Polyalthia. It has a role as a scabicide, an acaricide, and a plant metabolite. It is a benzyl ester and a benzoate ester. It derives from benzoic acid.

Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Synonyms

Acarobenzyl
Benylate
Benzevan
Benzoate de benzyle
Benzoesäurebenzylester
Benzoic acid phenylmethylester
Benzoic acid, benzyl ester
Benzoic acid, phenylmethyl ester
Benzyl benzoat
Benzylis benzoas
Phenylmethyl benzoate

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Benzyl benzoate exerts toxic effects on the nervous system of the parasite, resulting in its death. It is also toxic to mite ova, though its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In vitro, benzyl benzoate has been found to kill the Sarcoptes mite within 5 minutes. Benzyl benzoate is one of the older preparations used to treat scabies. Scabies is a skin infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by severe itching (particularly at night), red spots, and may lead to a secondary infection. Benzyl benzoate is lethal to this mite and so is useful in the treatment of scabies. It is also used to treat lice infestation of the head and body. Benzyl benzoate is not the treatment of choice for scabies due to its irritant properties.

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Used to kill lice and the mites responsible for the skin condition scabies.
Benzyl benzoate is used as an alternative agent for the topical treatment of scabies and also has been used for the topical treatment of pediculosis (lice infestation). Benzyl benzoate lotion, in an approximate concentration of 28% w/w, is applied topically. The drug should not be administered orally. Containers of the lotion should be shaken before using it.
Benzyl benzoate is an effective and inexpensive topical treatment for human scabies. It has vasodilating and spasmolytic effects and is present in many asthma and whooping cough drugs.^[rx] It is also used as an excipient in some testosterone-replacement medications (like Nebido) for treating hypogonadism.^[rx]
Benzyl benzoate is used as a topical acaricide, scabicide, and pediculicide in veterinary hospitals.^[rx]

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

The dose of benzyl benzoate will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor’s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of benzyl benzoate. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

For lice infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated two or three times after twenty-four hours.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

For scabies infestation

Adults—Use just one time. For severe cases, treatment may be repeated after twenty-four hours one time anytime within five days.
Children—
For infants: Use mixed with three parts of water, just one time.
For older children: Use mixed with an equal quantity of water, just one time.

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Blister formation, crusting, itching, oozing, reddening, or scaling of the skin
difficulty in urinating (dribbling)
jerking movements
sudden loss of consciousness

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that benzyl benzoate not be used in pregnant women unless considered essential.

Breast-feeding

Problems in humans have not been documented. However, the manufacturer recommends that breastfeeding be suspended during treatment and reinstated only after the medication has been discontinued.

Pediatrics

Appropriate studies on the relationship of age to the effects of benzyl benzoate have not been performed in the pediatric population. However, no pediatrics-specific problems have been documented to date.

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

Benzyl benzoate usually comes with patient directions. Read them carefully before using benzyl benzoate.

Use benzyl benzoate only as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than recommended on the label. To do so may increase the chance of absorption through the skin and the chance of side effects.

Keep benzyl benzoate away from the eyes and other mucous membranes, such as the inside of the nose, because it may cause irritation . If you accidentally get some in your eyes, flush them thoroughly with water at once.

Do not use benzyl benzoate on open wounds, such as cuts or sores on the skin or scalp. To do so may increase the amount of absorption, which may increase the chance of side effects.

Your sexual partner or partners, especially, and all members of your household may need to be treated also, since the infestation may spread to persons in close contact. If these persons have not been examined for infestation or if you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

If your hair has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil-based product on it, shampoo, rinse, and dry your hair and scalp well before applying benzyl benzoate.
Apply enough medicine to thoroughly wet the dry hair and scalp or skin.
Allow the medicine to remain on the affected areas for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the affected areas with warm water and soap or regular shampoo.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.
After rinsing and drying, use a fine-toothed comb (less than 0.3 mm between the teeth) to remove any remaining nits (eggs) or nit shells from your hair, or, if you have fine hair, you may use a tweezer or your fingernails to pick nits out.

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

If your skin has any cream, lotion, ointment, or oil on it, wash, rinse, and dry your skin well before applying benzyl benzoate.
If you take a bath or shower before using benzyl benzoate, dry the skin well before applying for the medicine.
Apply enough medicine to cover the entire skin surface from the neck down, including the soles of your feet, and rub in well.
Allow the medicine to remain on the body for 24 hours.
Then, thoroughly wash the body with warm water and soap.
Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean towel.

Immediately after using benzyl benzoate, wash your hands to remove any medicine that may be on them.

Treatment may need to be repeated for severe infestation.

Drug Warnings

Studies in animals showed that oral ingestion of large doses of benzyl benzoate resulted in progressive incoordination, CNS excitation, seizures, and death.
When used in appropriate dosage, topically applied benzyl benzoate appears to have a low order of toxicity. Slight local irritation (especially of the male genitalia), itching, and allergic skin sensitivity may occur, and contact with the face, eyes, mucous membranes, and urethral meatus should be avoided. Repeated application of benzyl benzoate frequently causes contact dermatitis.
Benzyl benzoate is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug.
Benzyl benzoate should not be applied to acutely inflamed skin or raw, weeping surfaces. If primary irritation or hypersensitivity occurs, treatment should be discontinued and the drug removed with soap and water.

References

Benzyl benzoate

ByRx Harun

Phenylmethanol – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Phenylmethanol/Benzyl Alcohol is a colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and a slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with Lidocaine injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in perfumery and flavoring. Benzyl Alcohol is an aromatic alcohol used in a wide variety of cosmetic formulations as a fragrance component, preservative, solvent, and viscosity-decreasing agent. Benzyl Alcohol is metabolized to Benzoic Acid, which reacts with glycine and excreted as hippuric acid in the human body. Acceptable daily intakes were established by the World Health Organization at 5 mg/kg for Benzyl Alcohol.

Benzyl alcohol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Slightly denser than water. Flashpoint 194°F. Boiling point 401°F. Contact may irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be slightly toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.

Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent. It has a role as a solvent, a metabolite, an antioxidant, and a fragrance.

Synonyms

(hydroxymethyl)benzene
Alcoholum benzylicum
Alcool benzylique
Alcoolbenzylique
alpha-Hydroxytoluene
Aromatic alcohol
Bentalol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzalcohol
Benzenecarbinol
Benzenemethanol
Benzoyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzylic alcohol
Hydroxymethylbenzene
Phenylcarbinol
Phenylmethanol
Phenylmethyl alcohol
α-toluene

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Alcohol

Benzyl alcohol inhibits lice from closing their respiratory spiracles, allowing the vehicle to obstruct the spiracles and causing the lice to asphyxiate. Drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on any part of the nervous system and on every type of nerve fiber. In contact with a nerve trunk, these anesthetics can cause both sensory and motor paralysis in the innervated area. Their action is completely reversible. (From Gilman AG, et. al., Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed) Nearly all local anesthetics act by reducing the tendency of voltage-dependent sodium channels to activate.

Indications of Benzyl Alcohol

Ulesfia (benzyl alcohol) lotion is indicated for the topical treatment of head lice infestation in patients 6 months of age and older. Ulesfia Lotion does not have ovicidal activity.
Treatment of progressive cataract, rapid (2-3 weeks treatment) reversal of incipient cataract was obtained accompanied by a marked improvement of vision.
Benzyl alcohol has been widely used in human medicine as an antimicrobial preservative and as a local anesthetic and antipruritic.
It has been used for toothache, a few drops being applied to the cavity or exposed nerve.
Benzyl alcohol is active against Gram-positive bacteria and has some weak activity against gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and molds. Benzyl alcohol also has some mild local anesthetic and anti-spasmodic properties.
Benzyl alcohol is used as a bacteriostatic preservative at low concentrations in intravenous medications, cosmetics, and topical drugs.
The use of benzyl alcohol as a 5% solution has been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of head lice in children older than six months and in adults.^[rx] It affects the louse’s spiracles, preventing them from closing. These then become clogged with water or mineral oil or other matter and cause the insect to die from asphyxiation.
Cold Sores
Head Lice
Cold Sore
Fever blister
Orofacial Pain
Lice of the head

Contraindications of Benzyl Alcohol

No known contraindications.

Benzyl Alcohol Dosage and Administration

General

Measures to Avoid Reinfestation and Transmission

To avoid reinfestation or transmission of lice, most experts recommend that clothing, hats, bed linen, and towels that were worn or used by the infected individual during the 2 days prior to treatment should be decontaminated (machine-washed in hot water and dried in a hot dryer).
Items that cannot be laundered can be dry-cleaned or sealed in a plastic bag for 2 weeks.
Decontaminate combs, brushes, and hair clips used by the infected individual by soaking in hot water (>54°C) for 5–10 minutes.
Thoroughly vacuum car seats, upholstered furniture, and floors of rooms inhabited by infested individuals. Fumigation of living areas is not necessary.
Other family members and close contacts of the infected individual should be evaluated and treated if lice infestation is present. Some clinicians suggest treating family members who share a bed with the infested individual, even if no live lice are found on this family member. Ideally, treat all infested household members and close contacts at the same time.
A fine-toothed or nit comb may be used to remove any remaining nits (eggs) or nit shells from the hair. Some clinicians do not consider nit removal necessary since only live lice can be transmitted but recommend it for aesthetic reasons and to decrease diagnostic confusion and unnecessary retreatment. Other clinicians recommend removal of nits (especially those within 1 cm of the scalp) to decrease the risk of reinfestation since no pediculicide is 100% ovicidal and potentially viable nits may remain on the hair after treatment. Although many schools will not allow children with nits to attend, AAP and other experts consider these no-nit policies excessive.

Administration

Topical Administration

Apply topically to scalp hair as a 5% lotion.

For external use only. Do not administer orally or intravaginally; do not apply topically to eyes.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to completely saturate scalp and hair. (See Dosage under Dosage and Administration.) Massage into the hair and scalp, including areas on the back of the neck and behind ears. Leave the lotion on hair and scalp for 10 minutes, then thoroughly rinse off with warm (not hot) water. Minimize exposing other areas of skin by performing rinse at a sink (rather than in shower or bath). Hair may be shampooed after the lotion is rinsed off.

Avoid contact with eyes. Eyes should be closed tightly and covered with a soft towel or washcloth while the lotion is applied to or washed off of scalp hair. If contact with the eyes occurs, immediately flush with water.

Supervise pediatric patients during lotion application; an adult should apply and rinse the lotion for the child.

Wash hands thoroughly after applying lotion.

Dosage

Pediatric Patients

Pediculosis

Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice Infestation)

Topical

Infants and children ≥6 months of age: Manufacturer recommends 2 applications given 7 days apart.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to thoroughly saturate hair and scalp, including areas on back of neck and behind ears. The recommended amount of lotion for each application depends on hair length (see Table 1). Lotion will drip when adequate coverage achieved. After 10 minutes, thoroughly rinse lotion off with warm water. Repeat application 7 days after initial application.

Table 1. Recommended Volume of Benzyl Alcohol 5% Lotion Based on Hair Length.1
Hair Length	Volume of Benzyl Alcohol 5% Lotion per Application	Equivalent Number of 4- Ounce Bottles	Equivalent Number of 8- Ounce Bottles
Short (<2 inches)	4–6 ounces	1–1.5 bottles	0.5–0.75 bottle
Short (2–4 inches)	6–8 ounces	1.5–2 bottles	0.75–1 bottle
Medium (4–8 inches)	8–12 ounces	2–3 bottles	1–1.5 bottles
Medium (8–16 inches)	12–24 ounces	3–6 bottles	1.5–3 bottles
Long (16–22 inches)	24–32 ounces	6–8 bottles	3–4 bottles
Long (>22 inches)	32–48 ounces	8–12 bottles	4–6 bottles

Adults

Pediculosis

Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice Infestation)

Topical

The manufacturer recommends 2 applications given 7 days apart.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to thoroughly saturate hair and scalp, including areas on back of neck and behind ears. The recommended amount of lotion for each application depends on hair length (see Table 1). Lotion will drip when adequate coverage achieved. After 10 minutes, thoroughly rinse lotion off with warm water. Repeat application 7 days after initial application.

Warnings

Common side effects of /Benzyl Alcohol Lotion, 5%/ include irritations of the skin, scalp, and eyes, and numbness at the site of application. As with all medications, it is important to use benzyl alcohol, 5%, as labeled to maximize benefits and minimize risks. The product should be applied only to the scalp or the hair attached to the scalp. It is not approved for use in children younger than six months. Use in premature infants could lead to serious respiratory, heart- or brain-related adverse events such as seizure, coma, or death.

References

ByRx Harun

Phenylcarbinol – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Phenylcarbinol/Benzyl Alcohol is a colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and a slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with Lidocaine injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in perfumery and flavoring. Benzyl Alcohol is an aromatic alcohol used in a wide variety of cosmetic formulations as a fragrance component, preservative, solvent, and viscosity-decreasing agent. Benzyl Alcohol is metabolized to Benzoic Acid, which reacts with glycine and excreted as hippuric acid in the human body. Acceptable daily intakes were established by the World Health Organization at 5 mg/kg for Benzyl Alcohol.

Benzyl alcohol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Slightly denser than water. Flashpoint 194°F. Boiling point 401°F. Contact may irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be slightly toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.

Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent. It has a role as a solvent, a metabolite, an antioxidant, and a fragrance.

Synonyms

(hydroxymethyl)benzene
Alcoholum benzylicum
Alcool benzylique
Alcoolbenzylique
alpha-Hydroxytoluene
Aromatic alcohol
Bentalol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzalcohol
Benzenecarbinol
Benzenemethanol
Benzoyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzylic alcohol
Hydroxymethylbenzene
Phenylcarbinol
Phenylmethanol
Phenylmethyl alcohol
α-toluene

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Alcohol

Benzyl alcohol inhibits lice from closing their respiratory spiracles, allowing the vehicle to obstruct the spiracles and causing the lice to asphyxiate. Drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on any part of the nervous system and on every type of nerve fiber. In contact with a nerve trunk, these anesthetics can cause both sensory and motor paralysis in the innervated area. Their action is completely reversible. (From Gilman AG, et. al., Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed) Nearly all local anesthetics act by reducing the tendency of voltage-dependent sodium channels to activate.

Indications of Benzyl Alcohol

Ulesfia (benzyl alcohol) lotion is indicated for the topical treatment of head lice infestation in patients 6 months of age and older. Ulesfia Lotion does not have ovicidal activity.
Treatment of progressive cataract, rapid (2-3 weeks treatment) reversal of incipient cataract was obtained accompanied by a marked improvement of vision.
Benzyl alcohol has been widely used in human medicine as an antimicrobial preservative and as a local anesthetic and antipruritic.
It has been used for toothache, a few drops being applied to the cavity or exposed nerve.
Benzyl alcohol is active against Gram-positive bacteria and has some weak activity against gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and molds. Benzyl alcohol also has some mild local anesthetic and anti-spasmodic properties.
Benzyl alcohol is used as a bacteriostatic preservative at low concentrations in intravenous medications, cosmetics, and topical drugs.
The use of benzyl alcohol as a 5% solution has been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of head lice in children older than six months and in adults.^[rx] It affects the louse’s spiracles, preventing them from closing. These then become clogged with water or mineral oil or other matter and cause the insect to die from asphyxiation.
Cold Sores
Head Lice
Cold Sore
Fever blister
Orofacial Pain
Lice of the head

Contraindications of Benzyl Alcohol

No known contraindications.

Benzyl Alcohol Dosage and Administration

General

Measures to Avoid Reinfestation and Transmission

To avoid reinfestation or transmission of lice, most experts recommend that clothing, hats, bed linen, and towels that were worn or used by the infected individual during the 2 days prior to treatment should be decontaminated (machine-washed in hot water and dried in a hot dryer).
Items that cannot be laundered can be dry-cleaned or sealed in a plastic bag for 2 weeks.
Decontaminate combs, brushes, and hair clips used by the infected individual by soaking in hot water (>54°C) for 5–10 minutes.
Thoroughly vacuum car seats, upholstered furniture, and floors of rooms inhabited by infested individuals. Fumigation of living areas is not necessary.
Other family members and close contacts of the infected individual should be evaluated and treated if lice infestation is present. Some clinicians suggest treating family members who share a bed with the infested individual, even if no live lice are found on this family member. Ideally, treat all infested household members and close contacts at the same time.
A fine-toothed or nit comb may be used to remove any remaining nits (eggs) or nit shells from the hair. Some clinicians do not consider nit removal necessary since only live lice can be transmitted but recommend it for aesthetic reasons and to decrease diagnostic confusion and unnecessary retreatment. Other clinicians recommend removal of nits (especially those within 1 cm of the scalp) to decrease the risk of reinfestation since no pediculicide is 100% ovicidal and potentially viable nits may remain on the hair after treatment. Although many schools will not allow children with nits to attend, AAP and other experts consider these no-nit policies excessive.

Administration

Topical Administration

Apply topically to scalp hair as a 5% lotion.

For external use only. Do not administer orally or intravaginally; do not apply topically to eyes.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to completely saturate scalp and hair. (See Dosage under Dosage and Administration.) Massage into the hair and scalp, including areas on the back of the neck and behind ears. Leave the lotion on hair and scalp for 10 minutes, then thoroughly rinse off with warm (not hot) water. Minimize exposing other areas of skin by performing rinse at a sink (rather than in shower or bath). Hair may be shampooed after the lotion is rinsed off.

Avoid contact with eyes. Eyes should be closed tightly and covered with a soft towel or washcloth while the lotion is applied to or washed off of scalp hair. If contact with the eyes occurs, immediately flush with water.

Supervise pediatric patients during lotion application; an adult should apply and rinse the lotion for the child.

Wash hands thoroughly after applying lotion.

Dosage

Pediatric Patients

Pediculosis

Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice Infestation)

Topical

Infants and children ≥6 months of age: Manufacturer recommends 2 applications given 7 days apart.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to thoroughly saturate hair and scalp, including areas on back of neck and behind ears. The recommended amount of lotion for each application depends on hair length (see Table 1). Lotion will drip when adequate coverage achieved. After 10 minutes, thoroughly rinse lotion off with warm water. Repeat application 7 days after initial application.

Table 1. Recommended Volume of Benzyl Alcohol 5% Lotion Based on Hair Length.1
Hair Length	Volume of Benzyl Alcohol 5% Lotion per Application	Equivalent Number of 4- Ounce Bottles	Equivalent Number of 8- Ounce Bottles
Short (<2 inches)	4–6 ounces	1–1.5 bottles	0.5–0.75 bottle
Short (2–4 inches)	6–8 ounces	1.5–2 bottles	0.75–1 bottle
Medium (4–8 inches)	8–12 ounces	2–3 bottles	1–1.5 bottles
Medium (8–16 inches)	12–24 ounces	3–6 bottles	1.5–3 bottles
Long (16–22 inches)	24–32 ounces	6–8 bottles	3–4 bottles
Long (>22 inches)	32–48 ounces	8–12 bottles	4–6 bottles

Adults

Pediculosis

Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice Infestation)

Topical

The manufacturer recommends 2 applications given 7 days apart.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to thoroughly saturate hair and scalp, including areas on back of neck and behind ears. The recommended amount of lotion for each application depends on hair length (see Table 1). Lotion will drip when adequate coverage achieved. After 10 minutes, thoroughly rinse lotion off with warm water. Repeat application 7 days after initial application.

Warnings

Common side effects of /Benzyl Alcohol Lotion, 5%/ include irritations of the skin, scalp, and eyes, and numbness at the site of application. As with all medications, it is important to use benzyl alcohol, 5%, as labeled to maximize benefits and minimize risks. The product should be applied only to the scalp or the hair attached to the scalp. It is not approved for use in children younger than six months. Use in premature infants could lead to serious respiratory, heart- or brain-related adverse events such as seizure, coma, or death.

References

ByRx Harun

Hydroxymethylbenzene – Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Hydroxymethylbenzene/Benzyl Alcohol is a colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and a slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with Lidocaine injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in perfumery and flavoring. Benzyl Alcohol is an aromatic alcohol used in a wide variety of cosmetic formulations as a fragrance component, preservative, solvent, and viscosity-decreasing agent. Benzyl Alcohol is metabolized to Benzoic Acid, which reacts with glycine and excreted as hippuric acid in the human body. Acceptable daily intakes were established by the World Health Organization at 5 mg/kg for Benzyl Alcohol.

Benzyl alcohol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Slightly denser than water. Flashpoint 194°F. Boiling point 401°F. Contact may irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be slightly toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.

Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent. It has a role as a solvent, a metabolite, an antioxidant, and a fragrance.

Synonyms

(hydroxymethyl)benzene
Alcoholum benzylicum
Alcool benzylique
Alcoolbenzylique
alpha-Hydroxytoluene
Aromatic alcohol
Bentalol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzalcohol
Benzenecarbinol
Benzenemethanol
Benzoyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzylic alcohol
Hydroxymethylbenzene
Phenylcarbinol
Phenylmethanol
Phenylmethyl alcohol
α-toluene

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Alcohol

Benzyl alcohol inhibits lice from closing their respiratory spiracles, allowing the vehicle to obstruct the spiracles and causing the lice to asphyxiate. Drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on any part of the nervous system and on every type of nerve fiber. In contact with a nerve trunk, these anesthetics can cause both sensory and motor paralysis in the innervated area. Their action is completely reversible. (From Gilman AG, et. al., Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed) Nearly all local anesthetics act by reducing the tendency of voltage-dependent sodium channels to activate.

Indications of Benzyl Alcohol

Ulesfia (benzyl alcohol) lotion is indicated for the topical treatment of head lice infestation in patients 6 months of age and older. Ulesfia Lotion does not have ovicidal activity.
Treatment of progressive cataract, rapid (2-3 weeks treatment) reversal of incipient cataract was obtained accompanied by a marked improvement of vision.
Benzyl alcohol has been widely used in human medicine as an antimicrobial preservative and as a local anesthetic and antipruritic.
It has been used for toothache, a few drops being applied to the cavity or exposed nerve.
Benzyl alcohol is active against Gram-positive bacteria and has some weak activity against gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and molds. Benzyl alcohol also has some mild local anesthetic and anti-spasmodic properties.
Benzyl alcohol is used as a bacteriostatic preservative at low concentrations in intravenous medications, cosmetics, and topical drugs.
The use of benzyl alcohol as a 5% solution has been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of head lice in children older than six months and in adults.^[rx] It affects the louse’s spiracles, preventing them from closing. These then become clogged with water or mineral oil or other matter and cause the insect to die from asphyxiation.
Cold Sores
Head Lice
Cold Sore
Fever blister
Orofacial Pain
Lice of the head

Contraindications of Benzyl Alcohol

No known contraindications.

Benzyl Alcohol Dosage and Administration

General

Measures to Avoid Reinfestation and Transmission

To avoid reinfestation or transmission of lice, most experts recommend that clothing, hats, bed linen, and towels that were worn or used by the infected individual during the 2 days prior to treatment should be decontaminated (machine-washed in hot water and dried in a hot dryer).
Items that cannot be laundered can be dry-cleaned or sealed in a plastic bag for 2 weeks.
Decontaminate combs, brushes, and hair clips used by the infected individual by soaking in hot water (>54°C) for 5–10 minutes.
Thoroughly vacuum car seats, upholstered furniture, and floors of rooms inhabited by infested individuals. Fumigation of living areas is not necessary.
Other family members and close contacts of the infected individual should be evaluated and treated if lice infestation is present. Some clinicians suggest treating family members who share a bed with the infested individual, even if no live lice are found on this family member. Ideally, treat all infested household members and close contacts at the same time.
A fine-toothed or nit comb may be used to remove any remaining nits (eggs) or nit shells from the hair. Some clinicians do not consider nit removal necessary since only live lice can be transmitted but recommend it for aesthetic reasons and to decrease diagnostic confusion and unnecessary retreatment. Other clinicians recommend removal of nits (especially those within 1 cm of the scalp) to decrease the risk of reinfestation since no pediculicide is 100% ovicidal and potentially viable nits may remain on the hair after treatment. Although many schools will not allow children with nits to attend, AAP and other experts consider these no-nit policies excessive.

Administration

Topical Administration

Apply topically to scalp hair as a 5% lotion.

For external use only. Do not administer orally or intravaginally; do not apply topically to eyes.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to completely saturate scalp and hair. (See Dosage under Dosage and Administration.) Massage into the hair and scalp, including areas on the back of the neck and behind ears. Leave the lotion on hair and scalp for 10 minutes, then thoroughly rinse off with warm (not hot) water. Minimize exposing other areas of skin by performing rinse at a sink (rather than in shower or bath). Hair may be shampooed after the lotion is rinsed off.

Avoid contact with eyes. Eyes should be closed tightly and covered with a soft towel or washcloth while the lotion is applied to or washed off of scalp hair. If contact with the eyes occurs, immediately flush with water.

Supervise pediatric patients during lotion application; an adult should apply and rinse the lotion for the child.

Wash hands thoroughly after applying lotion.

Dosage

Pediatric Patients

Pediculosis

Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice Infestation)

Topical

Infants and children ≥6 months of age: Manufacturer recommends 2 applications given 7 days apart.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to thoroughly saturate hair and scalp, including areas on back of neck and behind ears. The recommended amount of lotion for each application depends on hair length (see Table 1). Lotion will drip when adequate coverage achieved. After 10 minutes, thoroughly rinse lotion off with warm water. Repeat application 7 days after initial application.

Table 1. Recommended Volume of Benzyl Alcohol 5% Lotion Based on Hair Length.1
Hair Length	Volume of Benzyl Alcohol 5% Lotion per Application	Equivalent Number of 4- Ounce Bottles	Equivalent Number of 8- Ounce Bottles
Short (<2 inches)	4–6 ounces	1–1.5 bottles	0.5–0.75 bottle
Short (2–4 inches)	6–8 ounces	1.5–2 bottles	0.75–1 bottle
Medium (4–8 inches)	8–12 ounces	2–3 bottles	1–1.5 bottles
Medium (8–16 inches)	12–24 ounces	3–6 bottles	1.5–3 bottles
Long (16–22 inches)	24–32 ounces	6–8 bottles	3–4 bottles
Long (>22 inches)	32–48 ounces	8–12 bottles	4–6 bottles

Adults

Pediculosis

Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice Infestation)

Topical

The manufacturer recommends 2 applications given 7 days apart.

Apply to dry scalp hair in an amount sufficient to thoroughly saturate hair and scalp, including areas on back of neck and behind ears. The recommended amount of lotion for each application depends on hair length (see Table 1). Lotion will drip when adequate coverage achieved. After 10 minutes, thoroughly rinse lotion off with warm water. Repeat application 7 days after initial application.

Warnings

Common side effects of /Benzyl Alcohol Lotion, 5%/ include irritations of the skin, scalp, and eyes, and numbness at the site of application. As with all medications, it is important to use benzyl alcohol, 5%, as labeled to maximize benefits and minimize risks. The product should be applied only to the scalp or the hair attached to the scalp. It is not approved for use in children younger than six months. Use in premature infants could lead to serious respiratory, heart- or brain-related adverse events such as seizure, coma, or death.

References

Category Archive Drugs A-Z

Another Name

Mechanism of Action of Diosmin

Indications of Diosmin

Contraindications of Diosmin

Dosage of Diosmin

Side Effects of Diosmin

Drug Interactions of Diosmin

Pregnancy Category of Diosmin

References

Another Name

Mechanism of Action of Diosmin

Indications of Diosmin

Contraindications of Diosmin

Dosage of Diosmin

Side Effects of Diosmin

Drug Interactions of Diosmin

Pregnancy Category of Diosmin

References

Another Name

Mechanism of Action of Diosmin

Indications of Diosmin

Contraindications of Diosmin

Dosage of Diosmin

Side Effects of Diosmin

Drug Interactions of Diosmin

Pregnancy Category of Diosmin

References

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

Drug Warnings

References

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

Drug Warnings

References

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

Drug Warnings

References

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

To use benzyl benzoate for lice:

To use benzyl benzoate for scabies:

Drug Warnings

References

Mechanism of Action of Benzyl Benzoate

Indications of Benzyl Benzoate

Dosage of Benzyl Benzoate

For topical dosage form (emulsion)

Side Effects of Benzyl Benzoate

Pregnancy Category of Benzyl Benzoate

Proper use of benzyl benzoate

To use benzyl benzoate for lice: