Peroneus Brevis muscle also referred to as the fibularis brevis muscle, is located in the lateral compartment of the lower extremity below the knee, underneath the peroneus longus muscle. It is a small, relatively short muscle of the leg that originates from the lower two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula bone. Its muscle fibers traverse downwards and form into a tendon which runs just posterior to the lateral malleolus, crossing the ankle, and inserting on the styloid process of the proximal the fifth metatarsal bone.

The peroneus brevis muscle, also known as the fibularis brevis muscle, is a muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg. It lies deep/medial to the adjacent peroneus longus, and is a shorter and smaller muscle. Both brevis and longus travel together along the lateral aspect of the ankle within a shared synovial sheath 4. Together the tendons wrap around the lateral malleolus, specifically within the trimalleolar groove of the distal fibula.

Anatomy of Peroneus Brevis

  • The peroneus brevis is another of the three muscles spanning the lateral leg and may also be called fibularis brevis, referring to the fibula
  • Origin: The peroneus brevis originates on the inferior two-thirds of the lateral fibula and courses posteriorly to the lateral malleolus of the fibula ultimately
  • Insertion: The styloid process of the fifth metatarsal
  • Action: The primary action of the peroneus brevis is to evert the foot and plantar flex the ankle
  • Blood Supply: Peroneal artery
  • Innervation: The superficial peroneal nerve innervates the peroneus brevis muscle

Blood Supply of Peroneus Brevis

Fibularis brevis and the other muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg are supplied by the superior and inferior branches of the anterior tibial artery. This is a branch of the popliteal artery, which is the distal continuation of the femoral artery. On rare occasions, the chief blood supply to the lateral compartment is the fibular artery, which is a branch of the tibial artery.

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The tendon of fibularis brevis and its accompanying muscle is supplied by an anastomotic network around the ankle. The network includes the arcuate, anterior lateral malleolar, fibular perforating, lateral calcaneal, lateral and medial plantar and lateral tarsal arteries. The venous blood from this muscle is conveyed by the anterior tibial vein.

Nerves of Peroneus Brevis

  • The peroneus brevis receives its innervation from the muscular branch of the superficial peroneal nerve (L5-S2). The superficial peroneal nerve courses around the proximal fibula, where it is prone to injury.

Functions of Peroneus Brevis

  • The primary movements of the foot and ankle are plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, eversion, and inversion. The peroneal brevis muscle and tendon cross the ankle joint posterior to the fibula. The peroneus brevis muscle assists with eversion of the foot, and to a weaker extent, plantarflexes the ankle.
  • The muscle assists in weak plantarflexion and eversion of the foot.

or

  • Fibularis Brevis crosses both the subtalar (talocalcaneal) and talocrural (ankle) joints and therefore contributes to the actions produced across these joints. The main function of fibularis brevis is to evert the foot at the subtalar joint, which helps to restore the foot to its anatomical position after it has been inverted. This is particularly important when running or walking on uneven terrain.
  • Since fibularis brevis counteracts inversion of the foot, it may also prevent the body from falling to the opposite side when the individual is balancing on one leg. The muscle also causes

References

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