illnesshacker: Medical information and health advice you can trust.

Brinjal; Types, Nutritional Value, Recipes, Health Benefits

Brinjal is fruits, originally native to the Indian subcontinent and are now found throughout the world in different cuisines. In England, they are known as “aubergine”, and are also called brinjal, melongene, and guinea squash. These purple or black glossy fruits can grow more than a foot in length in wild varieties, though they are considerably smaller in normal agriculture. They reached the Middle East and the Mediterranean regions approximately 800 years ago and were referenced in England by the 16th century.

Types of Eggplants/Brinjal

So this was about eggplant nutritional value. Now, let’s discuss its various types. Technically, there are seven different types of eggplants.

Japanese Eggplant – The long, thin, dark (almost black), and glossy variety from Japan is the first on this list. Japanese eggplants have a soft, creamy, melt–in-your-mouth texture after being cooked, which will make you want to include them in your special meal
Chinese Eggplant – This variety from China is similar to the Japanese one, just longer, lighter, and less sweet. It has juicy, meaty flesh with very few seeds, making it perfect for stir-frying and sauteing. Chinese eggplants come in two varieties – Oriental Charm and Pingtung Long.
Graffiti Eggplant – You guessed it right! This distinctively beautiful variety has got its name due to the striped and scattered markings on its skin. Grafitti eggplants have really thin peels and small seeds and are available in all sizes. Good for baking, stewing, and roasting, this type doesn’t need to be peeled. It is widely popular throughout the globe and has a number of nicknames, including Purple Rain, Pandora Striped Rose, Shooting Stars, Fairytale, and Listada De Gandia.
Bianca Eggplant – This Italian variety is round and huge with a light purple and white skin. It has a thoroughly creamy and sweet taste, making it perfect for stuffing and making gravy.
Tango Eggplant – This is a special white species. It is shaped like an egg or a pear. It has a thick skin and a tender and creamy flesh. The tango turns yellow after harvesting and becomes stronger and firmer.
Santana Eggplant – The Italian variety that is popular for making the Turkish delicacy baba ghanoush. It is dark purple and is shaped like a teardrop. It is tender and absolutely perfect for a quick grill roast.

Thai Eggplant – This golf ball-sized Thai veggie is bitter to taste and requires seed removal. Though available in a number of colors, this variety is particularly known for its light green tint with white/yellow stripes.

Nutritional Value of Eggplants/Brinjal

Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy	104 kJ (25 kcal)

Carbohydrates	5.88 g
Sugars	3.53 g
Dietary fiber	3 g

Fat	0.18 g

Protein	0.98 g

Vitamins	Quantity%DV^†
Thiamine (B1)	3% 0.039 mg
Riboflavin (B2)	3% 0.037 mg
Niacin (B3)	4% 0.649 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)	6% 0.281 mg
Vitamin B6	6% 0.084 mg
Folate (B9)	6% 22 μg
Vitamin C	3% 2.2 mg
Vitamin E	2% 0.3 mg
Vitamin K	3% 3.5 μg

Minerals	Quantity%DV^†
Calcium	1% 9 mg
Iron	2% 0.23 mg
Magnesium	4% 14 mg
Manganese	11% 0.232 mg
Phosphorus	3% 24 mg
Potassium	5% 229 mg
Zinc	2% 0.16 mg

Other constituents	Quantity
Water	92 g
Link to USDA Database entry

^†Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database

Health Benefits of Eggplants/Brinjal

High in Antioxidants – In addition to containing a variety of vitamins and minerals, eggplants boast a high number of antioxidants. Antioxidants are substances that help protect the body from damage caused by harmful substances known as free radicals (3). Studies have shown that antioxidants could help prevent many types of chronic disease, such as heart disease and cancer (4, 5). Eggplants are especially rich in anthocyanins, a type of pigment with antioxidant properties that are responsible for their vibrant color (6).In fact, multiple test-tube studies have confirmed that it’s effective at protecting cells against damage from harmful free radicals (7, 8).
May Reduce the Risk of Heart Disease – Thanks to their antioxidant content, some studies suggest that eggplants may help reduce the risk of heart disease. In one study, rabbits with high cholesterol were given 0.3 ounces (10 ml) of eggplant juice daily for two weeks. At the end of the study, they had lower levels of both LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, two blood markers that can lead to an increased risk of heart disease when elevated (9). Other studies have demonstrated that eggplants may have a protective effect on the heart. In one study, animals were fed raw or grilled eggplant for 30 days. Both types improved heart function and reduced heart attack severity (10).
May Promote Blood Sugar Control – Adding eggplants to your diet may help keep your blood sugar in check. This is primarily because eggplants are high in fiber, which passes through the digestive system intact (11). Fiber can lower blood sugar by slowing the rate of digestion and absorption of sugar in the body. Slower absorption keeps blood sugar levels steady and prevents spikes and crashes (12). Other research suggests that polyphenols, or natural plant compounds, found in foods like eggplant may reduce sugar absorption and increase insulin secretion, both of which can help lower blood sugar (13). One test-tube study looked at polyphenol-enriched extracts of eggplant. It showed that they could reduce levels of specific enzymes that influence sugar absorption, helping reduce blood sugar (14).
Could Help With Weight Loss – Eggplants are high in fiber and low in calories, making them an excellent addition to any weight loss regimen. Fiber moves through the digestive tract slowly and can promote fullness and satiety, reducing calorie intake (16). Each cup (82 grams) of raw eggplant contains 3 grams of fiber and just 20 calories (17). Additionally, eggplants are often used as a high-fiber, low-calorie replacement for higher-calorie ingredients in recipes.
May Have Cancer-Fighting Benefits – Eggplant contains several substances that show potential in fighting cancer cells. For instance, solasodine rhamnosyl glycosides (SRGs) are a type of compound found in some nightshade plants, including eggplant. Some animal studies have shown that SRGs could cause the death of cancer cells and may also help reduce the recurrence of certain types of cancer (18). Though research on the topic is limited, SRGs have been shown to be especially effective against skin cancer when applied directly to the skin (19, 20). One review looking at approximately 200 studies found that eating fruits and vegetables was associated with protection against pancreatic, stomach, colorectal, bladder, cervical and breast cancer (21).
Prevent Anemia – A deficiency in iron can be very dangerous to overall health, and it can manifest in anemia. Anemia is characterized by headaches and migraines, fatigue, weakness, depression, and cognitive malfunction. Therefore, eating foods high in iron can combat anemia, and eggplants have a decent amount of iron in them. Eggplants are also very rich in copper, another essential component of red blood cells, just like iron. Without these two minerals, the red blood cell count in the body will continue to decrease, since they are perpetually being used up. With healthier red blood cells coursing through your veins, you will see a noticeable boost in energy and strength, which will eliminate feelings of fatigue or stress.
Improve Brain Function – Eggplants are wonderful sources of phytonutrients, which have long been known as boosters for cognitive activity and general mental health. [22] They not only defend against the free radical activity and keep your body and brain safe from toxins and diseases but they also increase blood flow to the brain. By delivering more oxygen-rich blood to the brain, they stimulate neural pathways to develop, boosting the powers of memory and analytic thoughts. The potassium in eggplants also acts as a vasodilator and a brain booster, so overall, they should definitely be called “brain food”.
Provides Flawless Skin – Eggplants are rich in minerals, vitamins, and dietary fiber. This keeps your system clean from within, which makes your skin flawless (23).
Imparts Instant Glow – Is constant exposure to the sun making your skin dull and lifeless? No worries, this wonder veggie has a solution for all. Eggplants have a good amount of water content (24). This helps to keep your body and skin well hydrated. The minerals and vitamins also impart a clear and smooth tone. Include this wonderful vegetable in your diet, and make your skin soft and glowing.
Promotes Anti-aging – The dream of looking younger than your age can be easily achieved with the help of kitchen ingredients like eggplants. And yes, don’t peel that skin off or char it and throw away. The skin of the eggplant has a lot of anthocyanins, and these antioxidants act as anti-aging agents (25).
Promotes Hair Growth -This is one of the surprising brinjal benefits. Losing several hair strands every day can be really heartbreaking. And purchasing those costly hair products that promise the moon isn’t a feasible option always. Don’t worry – you have eggplant, the true ‘garden egg’.Eggplants have enzymes that help stimulate the follicles of your hair, which enhances hair growth.
Improves Hair Texture – People with rough and dry hair should eat more eggplants. They impart a healthy shine to your hair and improve its overall texture as well.
Health Benefits Of Eggplants – The happiest omen for a New Year is first Mount Fuji, then the falcon, and lastly eggplant.”This ancient Japanese proverb simply states how culturally strong the eggplant is to be included in one of the happy omens. Many other eras and countries have also quoted the importance of this particular veggie.
Helps Control Diabetes – This simple veggie can mitigate the threat of diabetes – one of the killer diseases. Eggplant is a rich source of fiber and is low in soluble carbohydrates (26). It can help regulate the blood sugar levels and control the absorption of glucose. This makes it the best option for people who have type 2 diabetes.
Removes Excess Iron From The Body – Iron transports oxygen to all parts of the body and hence, is an essential mineral. However, too much iron in the body is not a good sign. Nasunin present in eggplant helps remove excess iron from the body (27). It scavenges the free radicals in your body and protects the cells from damage. Wondering, how eggplant for weight loss is beneficial? Well, eggplant has high water content and very fewer calories (just 35 calories per cup) (9). This makes it very ideal for people who want to reduce weight. The spongy texture of the vegetable facilitates these characteristics. Hence, you must consume eggplant in its natural form as much as possible. The vegetable also has high fiber content, which makes you feel full.
Aids Digestion – The high dietary fiber content of brinjal keeps your digestive system healthy (28). It adds bulk to your stool, making it easy to pass through the digestive tract. Fiber stimulates peristaltic motion, controlling the contraction of the stomach and intestine muscles. It also helps control the secretion of gastric juices, which increases the absorption of nutrients in the body.
Helps Quit Smoking – Giving up smoking is a daunting task. We all have that friend who has tried to quit smoking but has been unsuccessful because the nicotine fix is just too addictive. Did you ever imagine that a vegetable can help you kick the butt? According to a study published in 1993, eggplant has the highest level of nicotine when compared to every other vegetable (29). Eggplant has nicotinic acid, also known as vitamin PP. This vitamin reduces nicotine dependence and helps those who want to quit smoking.
Has Antibacterial Properties – Eggplant has good amounts of vitamin C, which makes it an effective antiviral and antibacterial (30). This makes the eggplant a viable option to heal cuts and wounds.
Reduces Blood Pressure And Stress Levels – Blood pressure and stress are not uncommon anymore and can happen to anyone – even teenagers. The situation is grave, and medicines cannot always help. Eggplants are rich in bioflavonoids that are known to keep the blood pressure and stress levels under control (31).
Prevents Cancer – Research has found that eggplant is a rich source of phenolic compounds, which strengthen our body’s defense system. It is also rich in vitamin C – another contributor to a better immune system that helps stimulate the production and working of the WBC. These two, along with manganese, nasunin (an organic antioxidant exclusive to eggplant), and chlorogenic acid, help inhibit the carcinogenic cells by scavenging the free radicals (32).
Cognitive Disorders – Eggplant can help those suffering from cognitive disorders. Free radicals lurking around in the brain may be responsible for neural degeneration, Alzheimer’s, and dementia. Nasuninis a potent antioxidant that is known to inhibit detrimental behavior in the brain by scavenging these free radicals.
Enhances Bone Health – Eggplant helps cure a number of bone-related disorders, including bone degradation and osteoporosis. This incredible veggie has phenolic compounds as well as essential nutrients like iron, calcium, and potassium. All these assist in providing stronger and healthier bones.
Treats Anemia – The world has seen an unbelievable surge in the number of anemic people over the last two decades, reaching a whopping 1.62 billion as per the WHO database (33). As we know, iron deficiency is one of the root causes of anemia, which has symptoms such as headaches, depression, weakness, and cognitive malfunction. Therefore, to combat anemia, doctors suggest a diet that is rich in iron. Eggplant contains around 0.2 mg of iron per 100 grams. This nutritional vegetable is also rich in copper (about 0.173 mg in 100 grams), another essential component that encourages the formation of RBCs. These two minerals work together effectively to aid the proper production and distribution of RBCs, thus boosting the energy and hemoglobin levels.
Prevents Congenital Disorders – The folate and folic acid present in eggplant promote proper fetus growth, making it an essential part of an expecting mother’s diet (34). It also helps protect infants from the chances of neural tube defects and aids their brain development. So, for a healthy pregnancy, make it a habit to have eggplant daily.
Lowers Cholesterol Levels – Many studies have concluded that having eggplants can help reduce the bad cholesterol (LDL) levels. Nasunin, along with terpene phytonutrients, helps relax the walls of the blood vessels, improving the blood flow in the body.
Provides Instant Energy – Feeling drained after a long workout session? Eggplant can help replenish that lost energy. Eggplant contains water-soluble niacin (vitamin B3) that helps the body break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats to produce energy (35). This vitamin also directly participates in the production of cholesterol and fatty acids.
Strengthens The Immune System – Despite not being particularly high in vitamin C, eggplant can strengthen your immune system due to the presence of powerful phytonutrients and antioxidants. These elements have antimicrobial and antiviral properties, which shield your body from foreign body invasion. They also help scavenge harmful free radicals, protecting your body and cells from severe damage.
Is Good For Babies – Eggplant is rich in vitamins A and K, calcium, and folate, which make it an ideal food item for your infants. It also contains dietary fiber that helps regularize the bowel movements. Eggplants can be introduced to infants aged between 8-10 months, preferably without skin at first.
Enhances Liver Health – Eggplant is the perfect choice for those suffering from liver disorders. It helps to increase the production of bile in the liver, dissolving extra fat and preventing the chances of liver failure. Having eggplants can also help reduce liver pain.
Treats Acid Reflux – Have you ever experienced bloating after a spicy meal? Or, did you ever experience chest pain after you have had a large meal? Chances are you might be suffering from acid reflux. Thankfully, eggplant is touted to be one of the best natural remedies to cure acid reflux. Since it is alkaline in nature, it helps neutralize the extra acid in the stomach, relieving heartburn and acidity.
Relieves Constipation – This colorful vegetable can reduce body heat (36). It also helps eliminate the possibilities of food stagnation in the large intestine by ensuring proper peristalsis movement. Additionally, eggplants avoid the production of heat toxins in the system that occurs due to the old, undigested food.
Treats Gout – Gout, primarily caused by increased levels of uric acid in the blood, can be easily treated with the help of eggplants. Uric acid levels in the blood are highly dependent on the breaking down of purines (nitrogen-based compounds) in the body. Since the eggplant is quite low in purines, it automatically becomes one of the gout-friendly vegetables.
Cures Insomnia – If you have trouble sleeping at night and find yourself tossing and turning in bed, you might be suffering from insomnia. It might sound absurd, but eggplant is touted to be one of the superfoods that can treat insomnia. GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) found in the eggplant calms your mind and improves sleep.
Treats Peptic Ulcers – Eggplant has cooling properties that help cure peptic ulcers by smoothing the stomach lining. It is also rich in powerful antioxidants that further reduce the chances of the peptic ulcer’s transformation into cancer.
Alleviate Warts – Looking at the unpleasant bumps called warts on your skin can be quite disturbing, and you become ready to move heavens to cure this source of embarrassment. You actually don’t have to – the solution is right there in your kitchen. Eggplant’s antimicrobial and antiviral properties help eliminate ugly warts. All you need is to scoop out a piece of eggplant (slightly larger than the wart’s size) and tape it tightly on the affected area. Leave it on for a few hours and then remove it. Repeat this process daily to get rid of warts.

Recipes

1. Cures Hemorrhoids

Eggplant, when applied topically, has proven to be an amazing home remedy for painful piles. It has worked well for prolapsed hemorrhoids that are ruptured and cause bleeding and pain.

Here’s how you can use this wonderful veggie to cure hemorrhoids:

What You Need

3 to 5 thin slices of eggplant

What You Need To Do

1. Apply fresh slices of raw eggplant on the affected area and leave it on until the bleeding stops.
2. Repeat this process once daily until the symptoms subside.

2. Cures Actinic Keratosis

Don’t we all love to bask in the sun during the cold months? It makes us feel warm and infuses the essential vitamin D in our bodies. But, as they say, an excess of everything is bad – too much exposure to the harmful sun rays can wreak havoc on our skin, resulting in scaly and red patches. This condition is also called Actinic Keratosis.

Eggplant is rich in phytonutrients that are effective in soothing your skin (37). It works exceptionally well when used in combination with apple cider vinegar (ACV).

Here’s how you can make your own eggplant cream:

What You Need

1 cup minced eggplant
1 ½ cup ACV

What You Need To Do

Put the minced eggplant in a jar and pour ACV over it.
Place this jar in your refrigerator and let it stay for at least three days until the vinegar has darkened.
Your cream is ready to use. Just dab a cotton ball in it and apply on the affected area several times a day.

3. Makes Your Hair Stronger

Since eggplant has a high water content, it helps nourish your scalp from within, ensuring stronger roots.

Simply mince a small eggplant and rub your scalp with it for 10-15 minutes. Wash it off with lukewarm water and a mild shampoo. You can repeat this process once a week to get the desired results.

4. Helps Keep Our Scalp Healthy

This colorful vegetable is packed with a good amount of minerals and vitamins that nourish your scalp and keep it healthy. Hence, it keeps scalp-related problems, including dandruff, itchiness, and scalp diseases, at bay.

Use the hair mask below moisturize your scalp.

What You Need

1 eggplant
1/2 cucumber
1/2 avocado
1/3 cup sour cream

What You Need To Do

Blend all the ingredients until a smooth paste is formed.
Apply this paste evenly to your hair and scalp and leave it on for half an hour.
Wash it off using a mild shampoo and lukewarm water.
You can use this mask once a week for smoother and prettier hair.

5. Keeps Your Skin Soft And Supple

Your skin tends to get dry, especially during winters. The cold weather strips the natural moisture of the skin, making it dry and itchy.

No worries, eggplant is here to help you. Its water content can hydrate your skin and make it soft and supple.

Use this mask on your face and neck to keep your skin hydrated most of the day:

What You Need

50 grams shredded eggplant
2 tablespoons aloe juice
1 teaspoon organic honey

What You Need To Do

Mix the ingredients until a smooth paste is formed.
This mask needs to be applied in two stages. Firstly, apply a portion of this paste on your clean face and let it get absorbed well. Then, apply the rest and leave it on for 15 to 20 minutes.
Wipe it off using a clean cotton ball.
Wash your face with warm water and rub a piece of cosmetic ice on it for a few seconds. Let it air-dry.
Finish it off by applying your trusted moisturizer.
You can use this mask twice a week.

References