Mechanism of Action of Cefmetazole
The bactericidal activity of cefmetazole results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Cefmetazole Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefmetazole, a second-generation, semi-synthetic, beta-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic with antibacterial activity. Cefmetazole binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), transpeptidases that are responsible for crosslinking of peptidoglycan. By preventing crosslinking of peptidoglycan, cell wall integrity is lost and cell wall synthesis is halted.
Indications of Cefmetazole
- Treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms.
- Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis
- Bladder Infection
- Kidney Infections
- Bronchitis
- Otitis Media
- Pneumonia
- Sinusitis
- Skin or soft tissue infection
- Tonsillitis/Pharyngitis
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Bacterial infections
- Community-acquired pneumonia
- Streptococcal pharyngitis
- Streptococcal tonsillitis
- Urinary tract Infections
- Uncomplicated skin and subcutaneous tissue bacterial infections
Contra-Indications of Cefmetazole
- Clostridium difficile infection
- The decrease in the Blood-Clotting Protein Prothrombin
- severe renal impairment
- Liver problems
- Interstitial Nephritis
- Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Allergies cephalosporins & beta-lactams
Dosage of Cefmetazole
I.V/IM
Prophylaxis of anaerobic and mixed bacterial infections;
- 0.5-1 g 12 hourly. Severe infections: 3-4 g/day, given in divided doses 6-8 hr.
Prophylaxis of anaerobic and mixed bacterial infections
I.V
- 0.5-1 g every 12 hr via IM inj or slow IV inj over 3-5 minutes.
- Severe infections: 3-4 g daily, given in divided doses every 6-8 hr. The dose can also be given via IV infusion over 10-60 minutes.
Side Effects of Cefmetazole
The most common
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal or stomach pain, discomfort, or tenderness
- Severe stomach ache
- Severe diarrhea
- Vaginal thrush
- Skin rash
- A headache
- chest pain
- constipation
- a cough
- diarrhea or loose stools
- difficulty with breathing
- dizziness
- heartburn
- muscle pain
More common
- Abdominal or stomach pain, discomfort, or tenderness
- chills or fever
- difficulty with moving
- a headache, severe and throbbing
- joint or back pain
- muscle aching or cramping
- muscle pains or stiffness
- chest pressure or squeezing pain in the chest
- discomfort in arms, shoulders, neck or upper back
- excessive sweating
- feeling of heaviness, pain, warmth and/or swelling in a leg or in the pelvis
- sudden tingling or coldness in an arm or leg
- sudden slow or difficult speech
- sudden drowsiness or need to sleep
- fast breathing
- sharp pain when taking a deep breath
- fast or slow heartbeat
- coughing up blood
- rust colored urine
- decreased amount of urine
Rare
- Anxiety
- change in vision
- seizures
- abnormal or fast heart rate
- tremors
- weight loss
- chest pain or tightness
- confusion
- a cough
- Agitation
- arm, back, or jaw pain
- blurred vision
- chest pain or discomfort
- convulsions
- extra heartbeats
- fainting
- hallucinations
- headache
- irritability
- lightheadedness
- mood or mental changes
- muscle pain or cramps
- muscle spasm or jerking of all extremities
Drug Interactions
Cefmetazole may interact with following drugs, supplements, & may change the efficacy of drugs
- ampicillin
- bumetanide
- chloramphenicol
- levomefolate
- calcium
- ethacrynic acid
- furosemide
- gentamicin
- heparin
- Norethindrone
- mycophenolate mofetil
- streptomycin
- tobramycin
- torsemide
- typhoid vaccine, live
- warfarin
Pregnancy Catagory of Cefmetazole
FDA Pregnancy Category B
Pregnancy
There are no well-done studies that have been done in humans with Cefmetazole. But in animal studies, pregnant animals were given this medication, and the babies did not show any medical issues related to this medication.
Lactation
In animal studies, pregnant animals were given Cefmetazole, and some babies had problems. But in human studies, pregnant women were given this medication and their babies did not have any problems related to this medication.