Anakinra; Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Drug Interactions

Anakinra; Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Drug Interactions

Anakinra is a biopharmaceutical drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis It is a recombinant and slightly modified version of the human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein. It is a recombinant, nonglycosylated human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). The difference between anakinra and the native human IL-1Ra is that anakinra has an extra methionine residue at the amino terminus. It is manufactured by using the E. coli expression system.

Mechanism of action of Anakinra

Anakinra binds competitively to the Interleukin-1 type I receptor (IL-1RI), thereby inhibiting the action of elevated levels IL-1 which normally can lead to cartilage degradation and bone resorption. Used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, Anakinra blocks the biologic activity of IL-1 by competitively inhibiting IL-1 binding to the interleukin-1 type I receptor (IL-1RI), which is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and organs. IL-1 production is induced in response to inflammatory stimuli and mediates various physiologic responses including inflammatory and immunological responses. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have elevated levels of IL-1. The levels of the naturally occurring IL-1Ra in synovium and synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are not sufficient to compete with the elevated amount of locally produced IL-1. Increasing the levels of IL-1Ra by artificial means reduces the negative effects (cartilage degradation, bone resorption) of IL-1.

Indications of Anakinra

Contra-Indications of Anakinra

Dosage of Anakinra

Strengths: 100 mg/0.67 mL

Rheumatoid Arthritis

  • 100 mg subcutaneously once daily

Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndrome

  • Initial dose: 1 to 2 mg/kg subcutaneously daily
  • Maximum dose: 8 mg/kg subcutaneously daily

Side Effects of Anakinra

The most common

More common

Rare

Drug Interactions of Anakinra

Anakinra may interact with the following drugs, supplements, & may change the efficacy of drugs

Pregnancy Catagory of Anakinra

FDA Pregnancy Category B

Pregnancy

This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately.

Lactation

It is not known if anakinra passes into breast milk. If you are a breastfeeding mother and are taking this medication, it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breastfeeding. The safety and effectiveness of this medication have not been established for children less than 18 years of age.

References

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